Shloka 13

Devanagari script

तथा विद्याधराश्नैव सिद्धाश्षैव तपोधना: । महादेवं पशुपतिं पर्युपासन्त भारत

Transliteration

tathā vidyādharāś caiva siddhāś caiva tapodhanāḥ | mahādevaṁ paśupatiṁ paryupāsanta bhārata ||

Translation

ພີດສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: “ໂອ ພວກພຣະວົງບາຣະຕະ, ວິທະຍາທອນ, ສິດທະ, ແລະ ນັກບຳເນັດຕະປະສະຍາຜູ້ມີທະນະແຫ່ງຕະປະ ກໍບູຊານະມັດສະການ ມະຫາເທວະ ພະສຸປະຕິ (ອົງຈອມເຈົ້າແຫ່ງສັດທັງປວງ) ຢ່າງຕໍ່ເນື່ອງ.”

Word by Word

• तथा: likewise, also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• विद्याधराः: Vidyādharas (celestial beings)
• विद्याधराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विद्याधर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• सिद्धाः: Siddhas (perfected beings)
• सिद्धाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सिद्ध
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed, also
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• तपोधनाः: ascetics whose wealth is austerity
• तपोधनाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपोधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• महादेवं: Mahādeva (the Great God)
• महादेवं: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: महादेव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पशुपतिं: Paśupati (Lord of creatures)
• पशुपतिं: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशुपति
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पर्युपासन्ति: worship, attend upon
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि+उप+आस्
• Form: Present, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada

• भारत: O Bhārata
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Bharata (Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)
• Vidyādharas
• Siddhas
• Tapodhanas (ascetics)
• Mahādeva (Śiva)
• Paśupati

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even exalted celestial and perfected beings, along with great ascetics, direct their reverence toward Mahādeva (Śiva). The verse underscores the ethical-religious ideal that true greatness expresses itself as humility and devotion to the highest divine principle.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Bhīṣma’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira in the Śānti Parva, he cites classes of higher beings—Vidyādharas, Siddhas, and tapas-rich ascetics—who continually worship Śiva, reinforcing Śiva’s supreme venerability within the discourse.