Shloka 2

Devanagari script

गृहस्थवृत्तयश्वैव चतस्र: कविशि: स्मृता: । कुसूलधान्य: प्रथम: कुम्भधान्यस्त्वनन्तरम्‌

Transliteration

gṛhasthavṛttayaś caiva catasraḥ kavibhiḥ smṛtāḥ | kusūladhānyaḥ prathamaḥ kumbhadhānyas tv anantaram ||

Translation

ນັກປັນຍາທັງຫຼາຍໄດ້ຈື່ຈຳໄວ້ວ່າ ວິຖີດຳລົງຊີວິດຂອງຄົນຄອບຄົວມີສີ່ຢ່າງ. ໃນນັ້ນ ຢ່າງທຳອິດແມ່ນ “ຜູ້ມີເຂົ້າເກັບໃນຍຸ້ງ” ແລະຕໍ່ມາແມ່ນ “ຜູ້ມີເຂົ້າເກັບໃນໄຫ”.

Word by Word

गृहस्थवृत्तयःmodes of life/duties of a householder

चand

एवindeed/just

चतस्रःfour

कविभिःby sages/wise men

स्मृताःare remembered/are said

कुसूलधान्यःone who stores grain in a granary (granary-storer)

प्रथमःthe first

कुम्भधान्यःone who stores grain in a pot/jar (jar-storer)

तुbut/and then

अनन्तरम्next/thereafter

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

Vyāsa

gṛhastha (householder)

kusūla (granary)

kumbha (jar/pot)

dhānya (grain)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse classifies traditional householder livelihoods into four types, beginning with those who store grain in a granary and those who store it in jars—introducing a graded discussion of how a gṛhastha manages resources and sustains life in a dharmic way.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma, Vyāsa begins enumerating the recognized categories of gṛhastha conduct (vṛtti), naming the first two types and setting up the continuation where the remaining types and their ethical implications are explained.