Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 34

अध्यात्म-तत्त्व-निर्णयः

Adhyātma Taxonomy: Elements, Faculties, and Guṇas

हंसोक्तं चाक्षरं चैव कूटस्थं यत्‌ तदक्षरम्‌ | तद्‌ विद्वानक्षरं प्राप्प जहाति प्राणजन्मनी

haṁsoktaṁ cākṣaraṁ caiva kūṭasthaṁ yat tad akṣaram | tad vidvān akṣaraṁ prāpya jahāti prāṇa-janmanī ||

ວະຍາສະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ຄວາມເປັນອະມະຕະທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ «ຫັງສະ» ນັ້ນ ກໍເອີ້ນວ່າ «ອັກສະຣະ» ອັນຕັ້ງມັ່ນບໍ່ເຄື່ອນ (ກູຕະສະຖະ) ເຊັ່ນກັນ. ຜູ້ຮູ້ຜູ້ສະຫລາດໃດ ຮູ້ແຈ້ງແລະເຂົ້າເຖິງອັກສະຣະນັ້ນ ຍ່ອມລະທິ້ງໄດ້ຕະຫຼອດໄປ ພັນທະທີ່ເນື່ອງກັບລົມຫາຍໃຈ ແລະ ວົງຈອນເກີດ-ຕາຍ.

हंसोक्तम्spoken/uttered by (the) Haṃsa
हंसोक्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootहंस-उक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अक्षरम्the imperishable (syllable/principle)
अक्षरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कूटस्थम्unchanging, abiding (like an anvil)
कूटस्थम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकूटस्थ
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that
तत्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अक्षरम्the imperishable (principle)
अक्षरम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षर
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तत्that (it)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
विद्वान्a wise man/knower
विद्वान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अक्षरम्the imperishable (principle)
अक्षरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअक्षर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्राप्यhaving attained
प्राप्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-आप्
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada
जहातिabandons/gives up
जहाति:
TypeVerb
Rootहा
FormPresent, Indicative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्राणजन्मनीbreath and birth (i.e., embodied life)
प्राणजन्मनी:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्राण-जन्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Dual

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
H
Haṁsa
A
Akṣara (the Imperishable)
K
Kūṭastha (the immutable principle)
P
Prāṇa

Educational Q&A

Realization of the imperishable, immutable Self (Akṣara/Kūṭastha), symbolically termed ‘Haṁsa,’ frees a person from bondage to prāṇa-conditioned existence and the cycle of birth and death.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on liberation, Vyāsa explains a metaphysical point: the ‘Haṁsa’ teaching refers to the same imperishable Akṣara; one who truly knows it transcends mortal limitations and is no longer bound by repeated birth and death.