Shloka 31
Gṛhastha-vṛtti and Niyama: Models of Householder Livelihood and Discipline (गृहस्थवृत्ति-नियमाः)
अधर्म धर्मकामो हि करोति हाविचक्षण: । धर्म वाधर्मसंकाशं शोचन्निव करोति सः
adharma-dharma-kāmo hi karoti hāvicakṣaṇaḥ | dharma vādharmasaṅkāśaṃ śocann iva karoti saḥ ||
ວະຍາສະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ຄົນທີ່ຂາດການພິຈາລະນາ ແມ່ນແມ່ນປາຖະໜາທັມມະ ແຕ່ກໍກະທຳອະທັມມະ; ແລະບາງຄັ້ງ ດັ່ງຄົນຈົ່ມຢູ່ໃນຄວາມໂສກ ກໍເຮັດສິ່ງທີ່ເບິ່ງຄືທັມມະ ແຕ່ແທ້ໆແລ້ວຄ້າຍອະທັມມະ. ເພາະບໍ່ມີປັນຍາແຍກແຍະ ລາວເອົາຄວາມຜິດເປັນຄວາມຖືກ ແລະກັບກັນ ອາດພາດໄປເຮັດຄວາມຖືກແມ່ນທັງທີ່ຕັ້ງໃຈຜິດ. ການກະທຳອັນສັບສົນດ້ວຍອະວິຊານີ້ ຜູກມັດຜູ້ມີກາຍໃຫ້ເກີດແລະຕາຍຊ້ຳໆ.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Without discernment (viveka), a person can commit adharma while believing it to be dharma, or perform dharma even while intending adharma. This confusion, rooted in ignorance, produces karmic bondage and perpetuates saṃsāra (repeated birth and death).
In the didactic setting of the Śānti Parva, Vyāsa is explaining how moral error often arises not only from deliberate wickedness but from misjudgment—mistaking the nature of an act. He highlights the ethical danger of acting with unclear understanding and the spiritual consequence of such ignorance-driven action.