Shloka 2

Āśrama-dharma and Brahmacarya: Śuka’s Inquiry on Karma and Tyāga (शुक-प्रश्नः कर्मत्यागविवेकश्च)

Devanagari script

जातकर्मप्रभृत्यस्य कर्मणां दक्षिणावताम्‌ | क्रिया स्यादासमावृत्तेराचार्ये वेदपारगे

Transliteration

jātakarmaprabhṛtyasya karmaṇāṁ dakṣiṇāvatām | kriyā syād ā-samāvṛtter ācārye vedapārage ||

Translation

ວະຍາສະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ນັບແຕ່ພິທີຈາຕະກັມ (jātakarma) ເປັນຕົ້ນໄປ ສັງສະການ ແລະ ໜ້າທີ່ທັງປວງທີ່ຖືກກຳນົດ ແລະ ຕ້ອງມີທັກສິນາ (dakṣiṇā) ອັນສົມຄວນ ຄວນປະຕິບັດໃນຂະນະທີ່ສິດຢູ່ໃຕ້ການອຸປະຖຳຂອງອາຈານ (ācārya) ຜູ້ຊຳນານໃນເວດະ—ດຳເນີນຕໍ່ໄປຈົນເຖິງພິທີສະມາວັດຕະນະ (samāvartana) ອັນເປັນການສຳເລັດການສຶກສາ. ຄຳສອນທາງຈິດທຳແມ່ນ ການຮຽນ ແລະ ພິທີຊີວິດຕ້ອງສຳເລັດຜ່ານການຝຶກຝົນຢ່າງມີວິໄນ ພ້ອມຄວາມກະຕັນຍູ ແລະ ການຕອບແທນຄູອາຈານຢ່າງຖືກຕ້ອງ ບໍ່ໃຫ້ເຮັດໂດດດ່ຽວ ຫຼື ລະເລີຍປະເພນີ.

Word by Word

• जातकर्मप्रभृत्यस्य: beginning with the birth-rite (jātakarma), etc.
• जातकर्मप्रभृत्यस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: जातकर्मप्रभृति
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• कर्मणाम्: of the rites/ceremonies
• कर्मणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• दक्षिणावताम्: accompanied by (proper) fees/gifts (dakṣiṇā)
• दक्षिणावताम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्षिणावत्
• Form: Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• क्रिया: the performance (of rites)
• क्रिया: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्रिया
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• स्यात्: should be / ought to be
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस्
• Form: Optative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular

• आसमावृत्तेः: until the samāvartana (graduation/return-rite)
• आसमावृत्तेः: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: समावृत्ति
• Form: Feminine, Ablative, Singular

• आचार्ये: with/at the teacher
• आचार्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचार्य
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• वेदपारगे: who is well-versed in the Vedas
• वेदपारगे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वेदपारग
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• ācārya (teacher)
• Veda
• jātakarma
• samāvartana
• dakṣiṇā

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

All life‑cycle sacraments from birth rites through graduation should be performed under a Veda‑learned teacher, and the performer/teacher should be duly honored with appropriate dakṣiṇā—linking discipline, tradition, and gratitude.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and right conduct, Vyāsa states a rule for proper upbringing and education: the student’s rites and formation are to be completed while living with a competent ācārya, up to samāvartana.