Shloka 53
कालनिर्णयः, युगधर्मवर्णनम्, सृष्टिक्रमश्च
Time-Reckoning, Yuga-Dharma, and the Sequence of Creation
देवराज! समस्त प्राणियोंकी गति जो काल है
ṛtūn māsārdhamāsāṁś ca divasāṁś ca kṣaṇāṁs tathā | pūrvāhṇam aparāhṇaṁ ca madhyāhnam api cāpare ||
ສັກຣະ (Śakra) ກ່າວວ່າ: «ໂອ ພຣະຣາຊາແຫ່ງເທວະ! ກາລະແມ່ນຄວາມໄປຂອງສັດທັງປວງ; ບໍ່ໄດ້ເຖິງກາລະແລ້ວ ທ່ານຈະໄປໃສ? ມະນຸດຈະວິ່ງໜີກໍບໍ່ອາດລະທິ້ງມັນ—ບໍ່ອາດຫ່າງຈາກມັນ; ແມ່ນຢືນນິ່ງກໍບໍ່ອາດຫຼຸດພົ້ນຈາກກົງເລັບຂອງມັນ. ການໄດ້ຍິນແລະອິນທຣີທັງຫມົດ ບໍ່ອາດຮັບຮູ້ກາລະທີ່ແບ່ງເປັນເດືອນ, ກຶ່ງເດືອນ ແລະຫ້າປະເພດນັ້ນໄດ້. ບາງຄົນເອີ້ນເທວະແຫ່ງກາລະນີ້ວ່າ ອັກນິ, ບາງຄົນເອີ້ນວ່າ ປຣະຊາປະຕິ. ກາລະນັ້ນເປັນຜູ້ວັດແລະນຳພາທຸກສັດໄປ—ຜ່ານລະດູ, ເດືອນ, ກຶ່ງເດືອນ, ມື້, ແລະຂະນະອັນວູບວາບ; ຜ່ານຕອນເຊົ້າ, ຕອນບ່າຍ, ແລະຕອນທ່ຽງດ້ວຍ».
श॒क्र उवाच
Educational Q&A
Time (Kāla) is the universal force that governs all beings and all change. By listing seasons, months, days, and moments, the verse teaches that what we treat as ordinary timekeeping is actually the manifestation of an inescapable cosmic power; therefore pride, denial, or attempts to outrun destiny are futile, and one should live with humility and dharmic awareness.
Śakra (Indra) is explaining the nature of Kāla to his interlocutor, emphasizing that Time is perceived through its divisions—seasons, months, days, and parts of the day—and noting that different traditions identify this same principle as Agni or Prajāpati.