Shloka 37
बलीन्द्रसंवादः — Kāla, Anityatā, and the Limits of Agency
Mahābhārata 12.217
विकार प्रकृतिं चैव पुरुषं च सनातनम् । यो यथावद् विजानाति स वितृष्णो विमुच्यते,जो प्रकृतिको, उसके कार्यको, पुरुष (जीवात्मा) को और सनातन परमात्माको यथार्थ रूपसे जानता है, वह तृष्णासे रहित होकर मोक्ष प्राप्त कर लेता है
vikāra-prakṛtiṁ caiva puruṣaṁ ca sanātanam | yo yathāvad vijānāti sa vitṛṣṇo vimucyate ||
ພີດສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ຜູ້ໃດຮູ້ຢ່າງຖືກຕ້ອງກ່ຽວກັບຄວາມແປປ່ຽນ (ວິກາຣ) ແລະປະກຣິຕິ (Prakṛti) ອັນເປັນຮາກຖານ, ແລະຮູ້ຈັກປຸຣຸສະ (Puruṣa) ອັນນິລັນດອນ—ຕົນຮູ້—ຕາມຄວາມເປັນຈິງ, ຜູ້ນັ້ນຍ່ອມພົ້ນຈາກຕັນຫາ ແລະໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມຫຼຸດພົ້ນ.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Liberation arises from accurate discernment: knowing (1) vikāra—changing phenomena, (2) prakṛti—the material source of those changes, and (3) puruṣa—the eternal conscious principle. This clear knowledge dissolves craving (tṛṣṇā), and with desire extinguished, one is freed.
In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Bhīṣma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira on the path to peace after the war. Here he frames mokṣa as the fruit of philosophical discernment (Sāṅkhya-like analysis) rather than external achievement, emphasizing inner renunciation through right understanding.