Shloka 34
Vyaktāvyakta-Viveka and Nivṛtti as Paramā Gati
Manifest–Unmanifest Discrimination and the Supreme Path of Withdrawal
तद्धत् सोमगुणा जिद्ना गन्धस्तु पृथिवीगुण: । श्रोत्रं नभोगुणं चैव चक्षुरग्नेर्गुणस्तथा । स्पर्श वायुगुणं विद्यात् सर्वभूतेषु सर्वदा
tad dhrāt somaguṇā jihvā gandhas tu pṛthivīguṇaḥ | śrotraṃ nabhoguṇaṃ caiva cakṣur agner guṇas tathā | sparśaṃ vāyuguṇaṃ vidyāt sarvabhūteṣu sarvadā ||
ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ລີ້ນພຶງເຂົ້າໃຈວ່າມີຄຸນສົມບັດຂອງໂສມະ (ລົດຊາດແລະນ້ຳເນື້ອ). ກິ່ນເປັນຄຸນຂອງທາດດິນ. ການໄດ້ຍິນສັງກັດກັບຄຸນຂອງອາກາດ (ākāśa). ການເຫັນກໍເປັນຄຸນຂອງໄຟ. ແລະການສຳຜັດພຶງຮູ້ໄວ້ເສມອວ່າເປັນຄຸນຂອງລົມ ໃນສັດທັງປວງທຸກເວລາ. ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ອິນທຣີຍທັງຫ້າຖືກສອນວ່າເຮັດວຽກຜ່ານຄຸນຂອງທາດ ເພື່ອນຳໃຫ້ເຫັນແຈ້ງສະພາບກາຍ ແລະຫຼຸດພົ້ນຈາກການຍຶດຕິດກັບອາລົມຮູ້ສຶກເທົ່ານັ້ນ.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse maps each sense faculty to the dominant quality of a classical element—taste/tongue with Soma-like rasa, smell with earth, hearing with space, sight with fire, and touch with wind—so that one understands sensory experience as elemental and conditioned, not as the true Self.
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira in philosophical discernment and dharma after the war. Here he explains a cosmological-psychological framework: how the senses operate through elemental qualities across all beings, supporting contemplation, restraint, and liberation-oriented understanding.