Shloka 24
Doṣa-Parīkṣā and Guṇa-Viveka
Examination of Faults and Discernment of the Guṇas
पुरुष: प्रकृतिर्बुद्धि्विषयाश्रेन्द्रियाणि च । अहंकारो5भिमानश्व समूहो भूतसंज्ञक:,पुरुष, प्रकृति, बुद्धि, पाँच विषय, दस इन्द्रियाँ, अहंकार, मन और पंच महाभूत--इन पचीस तत्त्वोंका समूह ही प्राणी नामसे कहा जाता है
puruṣaḥ prakṛtir buddhir viṣayāś cendriyāṇi ca | ahaṅkāro ’bhimānaś ca samūho bhūtasaṃjñakaḥ ||
ພີສະມະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ປຸຣຸສະ (ວິນຍານ), ປຣະກຣິຕິ, ພຸດທິ (ປັນຍາ), ອາຣົມ 5, ອິນທຣີ 10, ອະຫັງກາຣະ (ອັດຕາຕົນ), ແລະ ກຸ່ມທາດທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ ມະຫາພູດ—ທັງໝົດນີ້ແມ່ນກຸ່ມຂອງຫຼັກການ 25 ປະການ ທີ່ເອີ້ນວ່າ “ສັດມີຊີວິດ”. ເມື່ອແຍກຮູ້ອົງປະກອບນີ້ ຍ່ອມເຫັນຕົນເອງເກີນກາຍແລະໃຈ ເປັນຫຼັກໃຫ້ເກີດຄວາມໝັ້ນຄົງ ການສຳລວມ ແລະ ຄວາມປະພຶດຖືກທຳ.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse defines the ‘living being’ as an aggregate of twenty-five Sāṅkhya principles—consciousness (puruṣa) plus the evolutes of nature (prakṛti): intellect, egoity/identification, the sense-objects, the sense-faculties, and the elemental aggregate. The ethical implication is that recognizing these as components helps one dis-identify from them and act with steadiness and restraint.
In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma and liberation-oriented wisdom. Here he shifts into a Sāṅkhya-style analysis, enumerating the constituents of embodied existence to support discernment (viveka) and inner peace after the war.