Shloka 50
मनु-उपदेशः — भूत-उत्पत्ति, इन्द्रिय-निवृत्ति, तथा पर-स्वभाव-विवेकः
Manu’s Instruction on Elemental Origination, Sense-Withdrawal, and Discrimination of the Supreme Nature
प्रध्वस्ता न निवर्तन्ते निवृत्तिनोपलभ्यते । प्रत्यक्षेण परोक्षं तदनुमानेन सिध्यति
pradhvastā na nivartante nivṛttir nopalabhyate | pratyakṣeṇa parokṣaṁ tad anumānena sidhyati ||
ພີສະມະອະທິບາຍວ່າ: ແມ່ນແທ້ ເມື່ອຮູ້ແຈ້ງອາດຕະມັນແລ້ວ ຄຸນ (guṇa) ດູເຫມືອນຖືກທຳລາຍ, ແຕ່ມັນບໍ່ໄດ້ດັບສິ້ນໂດຍສິ້ນເຊີງ; ເພາະການດັບສິ້ນຢ່າງສົມບູນນັ້ນ ບໍ່ປາກົດໃຫ້ເຫັນດ້ວຍຕາຕົວ. ສິ່ງທີ່ຢູ່ນອກເຫນືອການຮັບຮູ້ໂດຍກົງ ຕ້ອງພິສູດດ້ວຍອະນຸມານ (ການອະນຸມານຕາມເຫດຜົນ). ດັ່ງນັ້ນ ນັກຮູ້ບາງພວກຈຶ່ງຕັດສິນແບບນີ້, ແຕ່ອີກພວກໜຶ່ງເຊື່ອວ່າ ຄຸນດັບສິ້ນໂດຍສິ້ນເຊີງ. ຄວນພິຈາລະນາທັງສອງທັດສະນະ ແລ້ວຈຶ່ງຕັດສິນຄວາມຈິງຕາມປັນຍາອັນຖືກຕ້ອງ.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
Bhishma distinguishes between what can be known by direct perception (pratyakṣa) and what must be known by inference (anumāna). Since the absolute cessation of the guṇas is not directly perceived, one must reason carefully about whether they truly end completely or only appear to subside.
In the Shanti Parva’s instructional dialogue, Bhishma is teaching philosophical discernment. He presents competing views about the fate of the guṇas and emphasizes reflective judgment—evaluating both sides and concluding according to one’s best understanding.