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Shloka 7

मयूरवद्राजधर्मः (Mayūra-vat Rāja-dharma) — The Peacock-Model of Protective Kingship

सब सेवकोंको उनके योग्य कार्यमें ही लगाना चाहिये। कर्मफलकी इच्छा करनेवाले राजाको चाहिये कि वह अपने सेवकोंको ऐसे कार्योंमें न नियुक्त करे, जो उनकी योग्यता और मर्यादाके प्रतिकूल पड़ते हों ।।

yaḥ pramāṇam atikramya pratilomaṁ narādhipaḥ | bhṛtyān sthāpayate buddhir na sa rañjayate prajāḥ ||

ພີສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ກະສັດຜູ້ປາຖະໜາຜົນແຫ່ງການກະທຳ ຄວນມອບໝາຍໃຫ້ຂ້າຮັບໃຊ້ແຕ່ລະຄົນເຮັດວຽກທີ່ເໝາະກັບຄວາມສາມາດ ແລະສະຖານະຂອງເຂົາ. ແຕ່ຜູ້ປົກຄອງທີ່ຂາດປັນຍາວິນິດໄສ ລ່ວງເກີນມາດຕະຖານອັນຄວນ ແລະວາງຜູ້ພຶງພາຂອງຕົນໃນໜ້າທີ່ທີ່ຂັດກັບຄວາມສາມາດ ແລະຂອບເຂດອັນຄວນ ຍ່ອມບໍ່ອາດເຮັດໃຫ້ປະຊາຊົນພໍໃຈໄດ້.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रमाणम्proper measure/standard (limit, rule)
प्रमाणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अतिक्रम्यhaving transgressed/overstepped
अतिक्रम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootअति-क्रम्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
प्रतिलोमम्contrary/inverse (improperly)
प्रतिलोमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रतिलोम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
नराधिपःking (lord of men)
नराधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनराधिप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भृत्यान्servants/retainers
भृत्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभृत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
स्थापयतेappoints/places/assigns
स्थापयते:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (causative: स्थापय-)
FormPresent, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
बुद्धिःintelligence/judgment
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe/that (king)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रञ्जयतेpleases/delights
रञ्जयते:
TypeVerb
Rootरञ्ज्
FormPresent, Indicative, Ātmanepada, Third, Singular
प्रजाःsubjects/people
प्रजाः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रजा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
narādhipa (the king/ruler)
B
bhṛtya (servants/retainers)
P
prajā (subjects/people)

Educational Q&A

A ruler must respect proper standards (pramāṇa) and assign duties according to each person’s competence and rightful role; misassignment that violates aptitude and propriety leads to dissatisfaction and instability among the people.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on rājadharma, Bhīṣma advises the king (Yudhiṣṭhira in context) on practical governance: the success of rule depends on wise appointments and adherence to established norms, not arbitrary or contrary placements of retainers.