Shloka 30

Durgātitaraṇa—Conduct for Crossing Difficulties (दुर्गातितरणम्)

Devanagari script

इति कृत्यसमुद्देश: कीर्तितस्ते मयानघ । तरन्ते येन दुर्गाणि परत्रेह च मानवा:

Transliteration

iti kṛtya-samuddeśaḥ kīrtitas te mayānagha | tarante yena durgāṇi paratreha ca mānavāḥ || niṣpāpa yudhiṣṭhira ||

Translation

ພີດສະມະກ່າວວ່າ: ໂອ ຜູ້ບໍ່ມີມົນທິນ, ຂ້ອຍໄດ້ກ່າວໃຫ້ເຈົ້າຟັງໂດຍຫຍໍ້ ເຖິງແນວທາງແຫ່ງໜ້າທີ່ທີ່ຄວນກະທຳ. ໂດຍການປະຕິບັດຕາມນີ້ ມະນຸດທັງຫຼາຍຍ່ອມຂ້າມພົ້ນຄວາມລຳບາກ ແລະທາງຜ່ານອັນອັນຕະລາຍ—ທັງໃນໂລກນີ້ ແລະໃນໂລກໜ້າ. ໂອ ຢຸດທິສຖິຣະ ຜູ້ບໍ່ດ່າງພ້ອຍ!

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति

• कृत्य-समुद्देशः: summary/outline of duties
• कृत्य-समुद्देशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृत्यसमुद्देश
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कीर्तितः: has been declared/expounded
• Type: Verb
• Root: कीर्तित
• Form: Perfect (resultative past sense), Passive (PPP), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• ते: to you
• ते: Sampradana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: युष्मद्
• Form: Dative, Singular

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: Instrumental, Singular

• अनघ: O sinless one
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनघ
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• तरन्ते: cross over
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ
• Form: Present, Indicative, Parasmaipada, Third, Plural

• येन: by which
• येन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• दुर्गाणि: difficulties, hard passages
• दुर्गाणि: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्ग
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Plural

• परत्र: in the other world
• परत्र: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: परत्र

• इह: here (in this world)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• मानवाः: men, human beings
• मानवाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मानव
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• निष्पाप: O sinless one
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निष्पाप
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• युधिष्ठिर: O Yudhiṣṭhira
• Type: Noun
• Root: युधिष्ठिर
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhishma
• Yudhishthira

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhishma concludes that he has summarized the essential duties (kṛtya) whose practice enables a person to overcome hardships and suffering in both this life (iha) and the hereafter (paratra).

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction to Yudhishthira, Bhishma is wrapping up a section of dharma-teaching, stating that he has briefly outlined the required conduct and its benefit: safely crossing life’s dangers in both worlds.