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Shloka 39

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

(ददृशुस्तं नृपतयो यज्ञस्य विधिमुत्तमम्‌ । उपेन्द्रबुद्धया विहितं सहदेवेन भारत ।।

dadṛśus taṁ nṛpatayo yajñasya vidhim uttamam | upendrabuddhyā vihitaṁ sahadevena bhārata ||

ໄວສັມປາຍະນະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ໂອ ພາຣະຕະ, ບັນດາກະສັດທີ່ຊຸມນຸມກັນໄດ້ເຫັນພິທີການອັນປະເສີດ ແລະ ຖືກຕ້ອງຂອງຍັນ—ທີ່ສະຫະເທວະຈັດວາງໄວ້ ໂດຍຄວາມເຄົາລົບຮູ້ວ່າ ກຣິສນະແມ່ນ ອຸເປນດຣະ (ວິສນຸເອງ) ແລະ ປະກອບເພື່ອຄວາມພໍໃຈຂອງພຣະເຈົ້າ. ພາບນີ້ຊີ້ໃຫ້ເຫັນວ່າ ອຳນາດກະສັດ ແລະ ພິທີສາທາລະນະ ຈະໄດ້ຮັບຄວາມຊອບທຳ ເມື່ອຖືກນຳພາໂດຍລະບຽບແຫ່ງທັມ, ການຄຸ້ມຄອງທີ່ຊຳນານ, ແລະ ຄວາມເລື່ອມໃສທີ່ມຸ່ງສູ່ທິບພະ ບໍ່ແມ່ນເພື່ອການອວດອ້າງພາຍນອກເທົ່ານັ້ນ.

ददृशुःthey saw
ददृशुः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3, Plural, Parasmaipada
तम्that (him/it)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Accusative, Singular
नृपतयःkings
नृपतयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनृपति
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यज्ञस्यof the sacrifice
यज्ञस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
विधिम्procedure/rite
विधिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तमम्excellent
उत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपेन्द्र-बुद्ध्याwith the thought (that he was) Upendra/Vishnu
उपेन्द्र-बुद्ध्या:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootउपेन्द्रबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
विहितम्arranged/ordained
विहितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-धा
Formkta, Masculine, Accusative, Singular
सहदेवेनby Sahadeva
सहदेवेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसहदेव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
S
Sahadeva
K
Kṛṣṇa
U
Upendra (Viṣṇu)
N
nṛpati (kings)
Y
yajña (sacrifice/ritual)

Educational Q&A

Ritual and royal grandeur are portrayed as truly ‘excellent’ only when grounded in dharmic procedure (vidhi), administered by capable agents (Sahadeva), and oriented toward devotion to the divine (seeing Kṛṣṇa as Upendra/Viṣṇu), not toward ego or mere spectacle.

During Yudhiṣṭhira’s Rājasūya context in the Sabhā Parva, the kings witness the well-ordered sacrificial arrangements. Sahadeva has organized the rite with the devotional conviction that Kṛṣṇa is Upendra, and the ritual is conducted to please him.