Shloka 47

अध्याय ९ — कर्णस्य प्रहारः, योधयुग्मनियोजनम्, शैनेय-कैकेययोर्युद्धविन्यासः

Devanagari script

विरथं सहसा कृत्वा भीमसेनमथाहसत्‌ । सहदेवं च निर्जित्य शरै: संनतपर्वभि:

Transliteration

virathaṃ sahasā kṛtvā bhīmasenam athāhasat | sahadevaṃ ca nirjitya śaraiḥ saṃnataparvabhiḥ ||

Translation

ໄວສັມປາຍະນະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ລາວໄດ້ເຮັດໃຫ້ ພີມະເສນະ ກາຍເປັນຜູ້ບໍ່ມີລົດສົງຄາມຢ່າງກະທັນຫັນ ແລ້ວກໍຫົວເຮາະ. ແລະຫຼັງຈາກຊະນະ ສະຫະເທວະ ດ້ວຍລູກສອນທີ່ຂໍ້ຕໍ່ຖືກຈັດວາງຢ່າງດີ ລາວກໍກົດດັນການບຸກຕໍ່ໄປ.

Word by Word

• वि-रथम्: without a chariot; chariotless
• वि-रथम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• सहसा: suddenly; hastily; by force
• सहसा: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा

• कृत्वा: having made (him)
• कृत्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral), Non-finite

• भीमसेनम्: Bhimasena (Bhima)
• भीमसेनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: भीमसेन
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अथ: then; thereafter
• अथ: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• अहसत्: laughed
• अहसत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: हस्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• सहदेवम्: Sahadeva
• सहदेवम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहदेव
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• च: and
• च: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• निर्जित्य: having conquered/defeated
• निर्जित्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: जि
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), निर्-, Non-finite

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• संनत-पर्वभिः: having bent joints/knots (i.e., well-jointed)
• संनत-पर्वभिः: Karana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संनतपर्वन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
• Sahadeva
• arrows (śara)
• chariot (ratha)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a recurring Mahābhārata tension: battlefield success can tempt a warrior toward mockery and humiliation of the fallen. It implicitly raises the ethical question of restraint—whether victory should be accompanied by dignity rather than contempt—especially when opponents are rendered helpless (e.g., made chariotless).

What is happening in the narrative?

In the course of the battle narration, a warrior (contextually, an opposing champion) suddenly makes Bhīma chariotless and laughs in triumph; he then also overcomes Sahadeva using well-made arrows, indicating a swift sequence of tactical dominance over two Pāṇḍava fighters.