Shloka 2

Devanagari script

अजुन उवाच संशप्तकैर्युध्यमानस्य मेडद्य सेनाग्रयायी कुरुसैन्येषु राजन । आशीविषाभान्‌ खगमान्‌ प्रमुज्चन्‌ द्रौणि: पुरस्तात्‌ सहसाभ्यतिष्ठत्‌

Transliteration

arjuna uvāca saṁśaptakair yudhyamānasya me dadyau senāgrayāyī kuru-sainyeṣu rājan | āśīviṣābhān khagamān pramuñcan drauṇiḥ purastāt sahasābhyatiṣṭhat ||

Translation

ອາຣະຈຸນ ກ່າວວ່າ: «ໂອ ພຣະຣາຊາ, ໃນຂະນະທີ່ຂ້າກໍາລັງຮົບກັບພວກສຳສັບຕະກະ, ຜູ້ນໍາຫນ້າກອງທັບກຸຣຸ—ອັສວັດຖາມັນ ບຸດແຫ່ງດໂຣນະ—ໄດ້ມາຢືນຕໍ່ໜ້າຂ້າຢ່າງກະທັນຫັນ. ລາວປ່ອຍລູກສອນອັນນ່າຢ້ານ ດຸດັ່ງງູພິດ ແລະປະຈັນໜ້າຂ້າໂດຍກົງ».

Word by Word

• अर्जुनः: Arjuna
• अर्जुनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्जुन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उवाच: said
• उवाच: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वच्
• Form: Perfect, 3rd, Singular

• संशप्तकैः: with the Saṁśaptakas
• संशप्तकैः: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: संशप्तक
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• युध्यमानस्य: while (I was) fighting
• युध्यमानस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Verb
• Root: युध्
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

• मम: of me / my
• मम: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: अस्मद्
• Form: 1st, Genitive, Singular

• सेनाग्रयायी: the leader at the front of the army
• सेनाग्रयायी: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: सेनाग्रयायिन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कुरुसैन्येषु: among the Kuru forces
• कुरुसैन्येषु: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुरुसैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Plural

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• आशीविषाभान्: like venomous serpents
• आशीविषाभान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: आशीविषाभ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• खगमान्: arrows (lit. fliers)
• खगमान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: खगम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रमुञ्चन्: releasing / discharging
• प्रमुञ्चन्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: मुच्
• Form: Present active participle (शतृ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• द्रौणिः: Drauṇi (Aśvatthāmā)
• द्रौणिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौणि
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पुरस्तात्: in front
• पुरस्तात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुरस्तात्
• Form: true

• सहसा: suddenly
• सहसा: Karana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहसा
• Form: true

• अभ्यतिष्ठत्: stood facing / confronted
• अभ्यतिष्ठत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: स्था
• Form: Imperfect, 3rd, Singular

• राजन्: O king
• राजन्: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: राजन्
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

अजुन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Arjuna
• Saṁśaptakas
• Kuru army
• Aśvatthāman (Drauṇi, son of Droṇa)
• Droṇa

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights steadiness in one’s duty under sudden escalation: even amid chaotic warfare and vowed enemies, a warrior must keep composure and discernment when confronted by a formidable opponent, acting according to kṣatriya-dharma rather than panic or hatred.

What is happening in the narrative?

Arjuna reports to the King that while he was fighting the Saṁśaptakas, Aśvatthāman—leading the Kuru vanguard—suddenly appeared before him and attacked fiercely, shooting terrifying arrows compared to venomous serpents.