Shloka 1

अष्टमो< ध्याय: द्रोणाचार्यके पराक्रम और वधका संक्षिप्त समाचार संजय उवाच तथा द्रोणमभिष्नन्तं साश्वसूतरथद्विपान्‌ व्यथिता: पाण्डवा दृष्टवा न चैनं पर्यवारयन्‌,संजय कहते हैं--महाराज! द्रोणाचार्यको इस प्रकार घोड़े, सारथि, रथ और हाथियोंका संहार करते देखकर भी व्यथित हुए पाण्डव-सैनिक उन्हें रोक न सके

sañjaya uvāca | tathā droṇam abhiṣṇantaṃ sāśva-sūta-ratha-dvipān vyathitāḥ pāṇḍavā dṛṣṭvā na cainaṃ paryavārayan |

ສັນຊະຍະກ່າວວ່າ: ຂ້າແຕ່ພະມະຫາກະສັດ, ເມື່ອເຫັນທ່ານໂດຣນາຈານ ຟັນລົ້ມມ້າ, ສາລະທີ, ລົດຮົບ ແລະ ຊ້າງ ຢ່າງນັ້ນ, ນັກຮົບພານດະວະແມ່ນແມ່ນຈະຫວັ່ນໄຫວທຸກໃຈ ແຕ່ກໍບໍ່ອາດຂັດຂວາງທ່ານໄດ້.

संजयःSanjaya
संजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तथाthus / in that manner
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिष्णन्तम्striking / smiting
अभिष्णन्तम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-ष्णद् (अभि-ष्णन्द्/ष्णद्)
FormShatr (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
that / him
:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अश्वhorses
अश्व:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सूतcharioteers
सूत:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
रथchariots
रथ:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
द्विपान्elephants
द्विपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
व्यथिताःdistressed / afflicted
व्यथिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootव्यथित
FormKta (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas (Pandava warriors)
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormKtva (absolutive/gerund), Active
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एनम्him
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (एन्-)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पर्यवारयन्they surrounded / checked / restrained
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-आ-वृ
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
P
Pāṇḍavas (Pāṇḍava army/warriors)
H
horses
C
charioteers (sūtas)
C
chariots (rathas)
E
elephants

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in war, sheer martial excellence can overwhelm even a righteous or determined force; it also underscores the ethical tragedy that skill and duty (as a commander) can produce immense suffering, leaving opponents distressed yet powerless.

Sañjaya reports to the king that Droṇa is cutting down the Pāṇḍava forces—destroying horses, charioteers, chariots, and elephants—and that the Pāṇḍava warriors, though shaken by what they see, cannot restrain or stop him.