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Shloka 41

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणरथारोহণं सात्यकेः प्रतिरक्षणं च | Dhrishtadyumna Boards Droṇa’s Chariot; Sātyaki’s Counter-Protection

यः पुरा बोध्यते सुप्त: सूतमागधवन्दिभि:

yaḥ purā bodhyate suptaḥ sūtamāgadhavandibhiḥ

ສັນຊະຍະກ່າວວ່າ: “ຜູ້ທີ່ໃນກ່ອນການ ເຄີຍຖືກປຸກຈາກການນອນໂດຍຄົນຂັບລົດ, ສູຕະ, ມາກະທະ ແລະ ວັນດິ—ບັນດານັກຂັບຮ້ອງສັນລະເສີນ—”

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
पुराformerly, earlier
पुरा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
बोध्यतेis awakened, is made to know
बोध्यते:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootबुध्
Formलट् (वर्तमान), प्रथम, एकवचन, कर्मणि (passive)
सुप्तःsleeping
सुप्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्त (√स्वप्-क्त, कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सूतby bards/charioteers (sūtas)
सूत:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसूत
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (समाहार/समुच्चयार्थे)
मागधby Magadha panegyrists
मागध:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमागध
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन (समाहार/समुच्चयार्थे)
वन्दिभिःby eulogists/praisers
वन्दिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवन्दिन्
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
S
sūta (charioteer/royal herald)
M
māgadha (court-bard)
V
vandi (panegyrist)

Educational Q&A

The line evokes the contrast between former royal comfort—being ceremonially awakened by attendants and bards—and the harsh reversal brought by war, underscoring impermanence of worldly status and the ethical gravity of conflict.

Sañjaya begins a descriptive recollection, pointing to a person who once lived amid courtly honors, introduced through the image of being awakened by sūtas, māgadhas, and vandis—setting up a comparison with the present wartime situation.