Shloka 41

Droṇasya raudra-prayogaḥ

Droṇa’s intensified assault and the Pāṇḍava response

Devanagari script

ततः प्रववृते युद्ध परस्परवधैषिणाम्‌

Transliteration

tataḥ pravavṛte yuddhaṃ parasparavadhaiṣiṇām

Translation

ສັນຊະຍະກ່າວວ່າ: ຈາກນັ້ນ ສົງຄາມຈຶ່ງເລີ່ມຂຶ້ນຢ່າງແທ້ຈິງ; ນັກຮົບທັງສອງຝ່າຍ—ແຕ່ລະຄົນມຸ່ງຫາການທໍາລາຍອີກຝ່າຍ—ເຂົ້າປະຊິດກັນ ດ້ວຍຄວາມຕັ້ງໃຈຮ່ວມກັນທີ່ຈະຂ້າ. ພາບນັ້ນເປັນໝາຍແຫ່ງການພັງທະລາຍອັນມືດມົນຂອງຄວາມຍັບຍັ້ງ, ເມື່ອຄວາມແຂ່ງຂັນແຂງກະດ້າງກາຍເປັນເຈດຈໍານົງຮ່ວມໃນການຂ້າຟັນ.

Word by Word

ततःthen, thereafter

प्रववृतेarose, began, commenced

युद्धम्battle, war

परस्पर-वधैषिणाम्of those desiring mutual slaughter (of one another)

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

yuddha (the battle)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how war, once unleashed, becomes reciprocal and self-perpetuating: when both sides seek each other’s death, ethical restraint (dharma as self-control and proportion) is eclipsed by the shared intention to destroy.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that the fighting now fully breaks out: the combatants on both sides engage directly, driven by mutual hostility and the desire to kill one another.