Shloka 16

Śiva’s Battlefield Manifestation and Vyāsa’s Śatarudrīya Exposition (शिवप्रादुर्भावः शतरुद्रीयव्याख्यानम्)

Devanagari script

दुर्योधनस्तेन तथा पूर्वमेवार्दित: शरै: | शैनेयं दशभिर्बाणै: प्रत्यविध्यदमर्षित:,सात्यकिने जब पहले ही अपने बाणोंसे दुर्योधनको पीड़ित कर दिया, तब उसने भी अमर्षमें भरकर उन्हें दस बाण मारे

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca |

duryodhanas tena tathā pūrvam evārditaḥ śaraiḥ |

śaineyaṃ daśabhir bāṇaiḥ pratyavidhyad amarṣitaḥ ||

Translation

ສັນຊະຍະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ດຸຣະໂຍທະນະ ຖືກລູກສອນຂອງເຂົາທຳຮ້າຍມາແຕ່ກ່ອນ ແລະເຈັບປວດ, ຈຶ່ງເກີດຄວາມໂກດກ້າ ແລະຕອບໂຕຍິງຖືກຊາຍເນຍະ ດ້ວຍສິບດອກ.

Word by Word

• दुर्योधनः: Duryodhana
• दुर्योधनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुर्योधन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तेन: by him (by that one)
• तेन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• तथा: thus, in that manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• पूर्वम्: before, earlier
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पूर्व

• एव: indeed, just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अर्दितः: pierced/afflicted
• Type: Verb
• Root: अर्द्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• शैनेयम्: the son of Śini (Sātyaki)
• शैनेयम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शैनेय
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• दशभिः: with ten
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: दशन्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• बाणैः: with arrows
• बाणैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: बाण
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• प्रत्यविध्यत्: struck back, pierced in return
• Type: Verb
• Root: व्यध्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada, प्रति + अव

• अमर्षितः: enraged, impatient (filled with indignation)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अमर्ष
• Form: त (taddhita/secondary formation used adjectivally; 'full of/possessed of'), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Duryodhana
• Śaineya (Sātyaki)
• arrows (śara/bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights how amarṣa (indignant anger) fuels immediate retaliation: once hurt, a warrior’s pride seeks instant repayment, which intensifies conflict. Ethically, it illustrates the battlefield tendency for emotion to overtake restraint, even when one is already suffering.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sātyaki (called Śaineya) has already wounded Duryodhana with arrows. Duryodhana, unable to bear it, responds by shooting Sātyaki with ten arrows in return.