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Shloka 5

भीष्मस्य मध्याह्नयुद्धवर्णनम् / Mid-day Battle Description: Bhīṣma Engaged by the Pāñcālas

“मधुसूदन! और भी बहुत-से वीरोंको संग्राममें कौरवोंने मारा और हमने कौरव सैनिकोंका संहार किया ।। अर्थहेतोर्नरश्रेष्ठ क्रियते कर्म कुत्सितम्‌ । धिगर्थान्‌ यत्कृते होवं क्रियते ज्ञातिसंक्षय:,“नरश्रेष्ठल धनके लिये यह कुत्सित कर्म किया जा रहा है। धिक्‍्कार है उस धनको, जिसके लिये इस प्रकार जाति-भाइयोंका विनाश किया जाता है

sañjaya uvāca | madhusūdana! anye 'pi bahavo vīrāḥ saṅgrāme kauravaiḥ hatāḥ, vayaṃ ca kaurava-sainikānāṃ saṃhāraṃ kṛtavantaḥ | artha-hetoḥ nara-śreṣṭha kriyate karma kutsitam | dhig arthān yat-kṛte hy evaṃ kriyate jñāti-saṃkṣayaḥ ||

ສັນຊະຍະເວົ້າວ່າ: «ໂອ ມະທຸສູດະນະ! ວີຣະບຸລຸດອື່ນໆອີກຫຼາຍຖືກພວກກຸຣຸສັງຫານໃນສົງຄາມ, ແລະພວກເຮົາກໍໄດ້ທຳລາຍທະຫານກຸຣຸເຊັ່ນກັນ. ໂອ ນະຣະຜູ້ປະເສີດ! ເພາະເຫດແຫ່ງຊັບສິນ ຈຶ່ງກະທຳກຳອັນຊົ່ວຊ້ານີ້. ຂໍໃຫ້ຊັບສິນນັ້ນຈົ່ງເປັນທີ່ນ່າລະອາຍ—ຊັບສິນທີ່ເຮັດໃຫ້ເກີດການພິນາດແຫ່ງຍາດພີ່ນ້ອງ!»

अर्थहेतोःfor the sake of wealth (purpose)
अर्थहेतोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ-हेतु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
नरश्रेष्ठO best of men
नरश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootनरश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
क्रियतेis done / is being done
क्रियते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
कर्मdeed, act
कर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
कुत्सितम्base, vile
कुत्सितम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकुत्सित
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धिक्shame! fie!
धिक्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधिक्
अर्थान्wealth, riches
अर्थान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
यत्for which / in which (i.e., for the sake of which)
यत्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कृतेwhen done; (idiom) for the sake of
कृते:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकृत
Formpast passive participle used as locative absolute/idiom with यत्
होमःoffering, oblation (homa)
होमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहोम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
क्रियतेis performed
क्रियते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
ज्ञाति-संक्षयःdestruction of kinsmen
ज्ञाति-संक्षयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति-संक्षय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
M
Madhusudana (Krishna)
K
Kauravas
K
Kaurava soldiers
W
wealth (artha)

Educational Q&A

The verse condemns warfare motivated by artha (material gain). It frames such violence as ‘kutsita karma’ (reprehensible action) and declares that wealth is not worth the jñāti-saṃkṣaya (destruction of one’s own kin/community), foregrounding an ethical critique of greed-driven conflict.

Sanjaya reports to the listener that many warriors have been killed on both sides—Kauravas killing numerous heroes and the opposing side slaughtering Kaurava troops. In the midst of this grim tally, he voices a moral lament, addressing Krishna as Madhusudana and decrying the war’s material motivations and its cost in kinship bonds.