Shloka 5

Devanagari script

एवमुक्तस्तु पार्थेन धृष्टद्युम्नो महारथ: । व्यादिदेश महाराज रथिनो रथिनां वर:,महाराज! कुन्तीपुत्र युधिष्ठिरके ऐसा कहनेपर रथियोंमें श्रेष्ठ महारथी धृष्टद्युम्नने अपने समस्त रथियोंको मकरव्यूह बनानेके लिये आज्ञा दे दी

Transliteration

evam uktas tu pārthena dhṛṣṭadyumno mahārathaḥ | vyādideśa mahārāja rathino rathināṁ varaḥ ||

Translation

ສັນຊະຍະໄດ້ກ່າວວ່າ: ເມື່ອຖືກກ່າວໂດຍປາຣຖະ, ດຣິສຕະດຸມນະ ມະຫາຣະຖະ—ຜູ້ເປັນເລີດໃນບັນດານັກຮົບລົດ—ໄດ້ອອກຄຳສັ່ງ, ໂອ ພະຣາຊາ, ໃຫ້ບັນດານັກຮົບລົດຈັດຕັ້ງວິວຫະ ‘ມະກະຣະ’.

Word by Word

एवम्thus

उक्तःhaving been spoken to / addressed

तुbut/indeed

पार्थेनby Partha (Arjuna)

धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna

महारथःthe great chariot-warrior

व्यादिदेशcommanded / ordered

महाराजO great king

रथिनःthe chariot-warriors

रथिनाम्of the chariot-warriors

वरःthe best

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Pārtha (Arjuna)

Dhṛṣṭadyumna

Dhṛtarāṣṭra (Mahārāja, implied addressee)

rathinaḥ (chariot-warriors)

Makara-vyūha (battle formation)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores disciplined execution of rightful command in a crisis: a leader must decide swiftly and responsibly, and trained warriors must coordinate under a clear chain of command—an aspect of kṣatriya-dharma in wartime.

What is happening in the narrative?

After Pārtha (Arjuna) speaks, Dhṛṣṭadyumna, the Pāṇḍava commander, directs the chariot-warriors to arrange themselves in the Makara formation, indicating a tactical shift and organized preparation for battle.