Shloka 47

Daiva–Puruṣakāra Discourse and the Elephant-Corps Engagement (भीमगजानीक-सम्भ्रान्ति)

Devanagari script

मूढाश्व॒ ते तमेवाजी विनदन्त: समाद्रवन्‌

Transliteration

mūḍhāśvā te tamevājī vinadantaḥ samādravan

Translation

ສັນຊະຍະເວົ້າວ່າ: ມ້າເຫຼົ່ານັ້ນ ທີ່ຫຼົງທາງໃນຄວາມອື້ອອງຂອງສະໜາມຮົບ ໄດ້ພາກັນພຸ່ງຕົງໄປຫາມ້າສົງຄາມຕົວນັ້ນເອງ ພ້ອມສຽງຮ້ອງຮືອດດັງກ້ອງ—ເປັນພາບຂອງຄວາມສັບສົນໃນສົງຄາມ ທີ່ແມ່ນແຕ່ສັດທີ່ຝຶກດີກໍຖືກສຽງ ຄວາມຢ້ານ ແລະແຮງພາລະນຳໄປ ບໍ່ແມ່ນດ້ວຍການພິຈາລະນາອັນແຈ້ງຊັດ.

Word by Word

• मूढाश्वाः: those whose horses were bewildered (men with confused horses)
• मूढाश्वाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूढाश्व
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ते: they
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• तम्: him
• तम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• एव: indeed/just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• अजी: in battle
• अजी: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: अजि
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• विनदन्तः: roaring/shouting
• विनदन्तः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि-नद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural, शतृ (present active participle)

• समाद्रवन्: ran up/charged
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-द्रु
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• horses
• war-horse
• battlefield (ājī)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights moha (confusion) amid violence: in war, even disciplined beings can lose clarity and be driven by panic and noise, suggesting the ethical cost of battle extends beyond human combatants.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a battlefield moment where horses, disoriented, surge toward a particular war-horse while neighing loudly, conveying the press and disorder of the fighting.