Shloka 71

उत्पातवर्णनम् (Utpāta-varṇanam) — Catalogue of Portents

Devanagari script

इष्टा वाच: प्रविष्टस्य दक्षिणा: प्रविविक्षत: । पश्चात्‌ संधारयन्त्यर्थमग्रे च प्रतिषेधिका:

Transliteration

iṣṭā vācaḥ praviṣṭasya dakṣiṇāḥ pravivikṣataḥ | paścāt saṃdhārayanty artham agre ca pratiṣedhikāḥ ||

Translation

ວຽສະກ່າວວ່າ: ເມື່ອນັກຮົບກຳລັງຈະເຂົ້າໄປໃນກອງທັບສັດຕູ ຫຼືເຂົ້າໄປແລ້ວ ຖ້າເຂົາເວົ້າຖ້ອຍຄຳກ້າຫານທີ່ນ່າຍິນດີ ແລະສະແດງຝີມືໃນສົງຄາມ ເຂົາກໍເຫມືອນໄດ້ຮັບປະກັນໄວ້ກ່ອນແລ້ວວ່າ ຜົນທີ່ຈະມາພາຍຫຼັງຄືຊັຍຊະນະ. ແຕ່ຖ້າຢາມຈະເຂົ້າແຖວສັດຕູ ກັບພົບຖ້ອຍຄຳຫ້າມປາມ ແລະບັນທອນໃຈຢູ່ດ້ານໜ້າ ນັ້ນເປັນນິມິດແຫ່ງຄວາມພ່າຍແພ້.

Word by Word

• इष्टाः: desired, favorable
• इष्टाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट (√इष्/√यज्-निष्पन्न; 'desired/pleasing')
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

• वाचः: words, utterances
• वाचः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वाच् (प्रातिपदिक: वाच्/वाणी)
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

• प्रविष्टस्य: of one who has entered
• प्रविष्टस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रविष्ट (कृदन्त; प्र + √विश्)
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• दक्षिणाः: right/auspicious; favorable
• दक्षिणाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक: दक्षिण)
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

• प्रविविक्षतः: of one wishing to enter
• प्रविविक्षतः: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रविविक्षत् (कृदन्त; desiderative of प्र + √विश्)
• Form: masculine/neuter, genitive, singular

• पश्चात्: afterwards, later
• पश्चात्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात्

• संधारयन्ति: they hold/secure, they ensure
• संधारयन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + √धृ
• Form: present, 3rd, plural, parasmaipada

• अर्थम्: result, purpose, outcome
• अर्थम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक: अर्थ)
• Form: masculine, accusative, singular

• अग्रे: in front, beforehand
• अग्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अग्रे

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• प्रतिषेधिकाः: prohibitive/repelling (words)
• प्रतिषेधिकाः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतिषेधिक (प्रातिपदिक: प्रतिषेधिक)
• Form: feminine, nominative, plural

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• enemy army (śatru-senā, implied)
• warriors (yoddhāḥ, implied)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Speech and signs at the outset of action matter: confident, auspicious words and demonstrated competence strengthen resolve and foreshadow success, while prohibitive, discouraging words encountered at the front are treated as inauspicious indicators of failure.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa offers a general observation about battlefield psychology and omens: as fighters press into the enemy formation, the kind of words heard and spoken—encouraging or restraining—functions as a sign predicting victory or defeat.