Shloka 19

Devanagari script

ते निपेतुर्महाराज निहता दृढ्धन्विभि:

Transliteration

te nipetur mahārāja nihatā dṛḍhadhanvibhiḥ

Translation

ສັນຈະຍະ ກ່າວວ່າ: ໂອ ພະຣາຊາ, ນັກຮົບເຫຼົ່ານັ້ນ ຖືກນັກທະນູຜູ້ໝັ້ນຄົງຍິງຖືກ ແລ້ວລົ້ມລົງສູ່ພື້ນດິນ—ເປັນພາບຂອງຄວາມແນ່ນອນອັນໂຫດຮ້າຍຂອງສົງຄາມ, ທີ່ຝີມືແລະຄວາມມຸ່ງໝັ້ນນຳມາຜົນທັນທີ ແລະສະໜາມຮົບເປັນພະຍານແຫ່ງຄ່າແທນຂອງຄວາມຂັດແຍ້ງ.

Word by Word

• ते: they (those)
• ते: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• निपेतुः: fell down
• निपेतुः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-पत्
• Form: Perfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural

• महाराज: O great king
• Type: Noun
• Root: महाराज
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• निहताः: slain
• निहताः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नि-हन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• दृढधन्विभिः: by firm-bowed (archers)
• दृढधन्विभिः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: दृढधन्विन्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as Mahārāja)
• archers (dṛḍhadhanvinaḥ)
• fallen warriors (te)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores the inevitability of consequences in war: steadfast skill and intent lead to decisive outcomes, while the battlefield reveals the heavy moral and human cost that accompanies kṣatriya duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports to King Dhṛtarāṣṭra that certain fighters have been struck down by resolute archers and have fallen on the battlefield, continuing the live account of the Kurukṣetra combat.