Shloka 8

Bhadrā and Mitravindā: The Fruits of Namaskāra, Pradakṣiṇā, Hari-nāma, and Śravaṇa of Bhāgavata Kathā

यमो ऽपि तं तत्र उलूखले तु निधाय पिष्टं सुखलैः करोति / यो वा परं न करोत्येव तात प्रदक्षिणं देवदेवस्य विष्णोः

yamo 'pi taṃ tatra ulūkhale tu nidhāya piṣṭaṃ sukhalaiḥ karoti / yo vā paraṃ na karotyeva tāta pradakṣiṇaṃ devadevasya viṣṇoḥ

ພະຍາຍົມວາງຜູ້ນັ້ນລົງໃນຄົກ ແລະ ຕຳໃຫ້ແຫຼກດ້ວຍສາກ. ລູກເອີຍ, ຜູ້ທີ່ບໍ່ເຄີຍຍ່າງທັກສິນາວັດອ້ອມພະວິສນຸ ຜູ້ເປັນເທບແຫ່ງເທບທັງຫຼາຍ ຍ່ອມພົບກັບຊະຕາກຳເຊັ່ນນີ້.

yamaḥYama
yamaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyama (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन
apialso/even
api:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootapi (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चय/अपि-अर्थ (particle: also/even)
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tatrathere
tatra:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottatra (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (adverb of place)
ulūkhalein a mortar
ulūkhale:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootulūkhala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति, एकवचन
tubut
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निपात
nidhāyahaving put/placed
nidhāya:
Kriyā (क्रियाविशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootni-dhā (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), ‘having placed’
piṣṭamground/pounded
piṣṭam:
Karma (कर्म/परिणाम)
TypeAdjective
Rootpiṣṭa (कृदन्त; पिष् धातु)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त
sukhalaiḥwith pestles/beaters
sukhalaiḥ:
Karana (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootsukhala (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; साधनवाचक (instrumental: with pestles/beaters)
karotidoes/makes
karoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
yaḥwho
yaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootyad (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; सम्बन्धबोधक सर्वनाम
or
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvā (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; विकल्पार्थक (disjunctive particle: or)
paramthe supreme/best (act)
param:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootpara (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; ‘परम्’ = ‘श्रेष्ठं/उत्तमं’ (as object)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; निषेध (negation particle)
karotidoes
karoti:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootkṛ (धातु)
Formलट्-लकार, परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन
evaindeed
eva:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rooteva (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; अवधारणार्थक
tātaO dear one
tāta:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Roottāta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन-विभक्ति, एकवचन
pradakṣiṇamcircumambulation
pradakṣiṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootpradakṣiṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
deva-devasyaof the God of gods
deva-devasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootdeva (प्रातिपदिक) + deva (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष-समास (देवानां देवः)
viṣṇoḥof Vishnu
viṣṇoḥ:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootviṣṇu (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी-विभक्ति, एकवचन

Lord Vishnu (narrating to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Afterlife Stage: Naraka

Concept: External neglect of devotional act (Viṣṇu-pradakṣiṇā) signifies absence of surrender; karma ripens as severe suffering.

Vedantic Theme: Īśvara-bhakti as purifier; karma-niyati under Yama’s governance; devotion as antidote to fear of death.

Application: Maintain regular pradakṣiṇā and reverential worship of Viṣṇu; integrate bodily devotion into daily practice rather than relying on mere status or claims.

Primary Rasa: bhayanaka

Secondary Rasa: bibhatsa

Type: realm/court of Yama

Related Themes: Garuda Purana Pretakalpa: Yama’s punishments for nāma-smaraṇa-rahita life (general motif); Garuda Purana: emphasis on Viṣṇu-bhakti as protection at death (general motif)

Y
Yama
V
Vishnu

FAQs

This verse presents pradakṣiṇā of Viṣṇu as a core devotional duty; neglecting it is framed as a serious spiritual lapse that can lead to harsh post-death consequences under Yama’s justice.

It depicts Yama’s realm as a place where moral and devotional failures are met with specific punishments, implying that the soul’s post-death experience is shaped by one’s actions and religious observances.

Maintain regular acts of devotion and ethical discipline—such as respectful temple/prayer circumambulation and sincere remembrance of Viṣṇu—along with right conduct, as safeguards against harmful karmic outcomes.