Shloka 59

Saṅkara-jāti-nirṇaya and Gṛhastha-ācāra: Daily Rites, Purity, Anadhyāya, and Food Discipline

Devanagari script

पञ्च पिण्डाननुद्धृत्य न स्नायात्परवारिषु / स्नायान्नदीप्रस्त्रवणदेवखातह्रदेषु च

Transliteration

pañca piṇḍānanuddhṛtya na snāyātparavāriṣu / snāyānnadīprastravaṇadevakhātahradeṣu ca

Translation

ຖ້າຍັງບໍ່ໄດ້ເກັບຍົກປິນດະ (piṇḍa) ຫ້າກ້ອນກ່ອນ ບໍ່ຄວນອາບນ້ໍາໃນນ້ໍາຂອງຄົນອື່ນ (ນ້ໍາທີ່ຈັດໄວ້ໃຫ້ຜູ້ອື່ນ). ແຕ່ອາບໄດ້ໃນແມ່ນ້ໍາ, ທາງນ້ໍາໄຫຼທໍາມະຊາດ/ນ້ໍາພຸ, ແລະໃນສະໜອງຫຼືຫົວບຶງທີ່ຂຸດໄວ້ເພື່ອເທວະ.

Word by Word

• पञ्च: five
• पञ्च: Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पञ्च (अव्यय/संख्याशब्द)
• Form: संख्यावाचक-अव्यय (numeral used indeclinably)

• पिण्डान्: rice-balls (piṇḍas)
• पिण्डान्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिण्ड (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन

• अनुद्धृत्य: without having removed
• अनुद्धृत्य: Purvakala (Prior action/पूर्वकाल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अनु-उद्-√हृ (धातु) → अनुद्धृत्य (क्त्वान्त/ल्यप्)
• Form: क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (gerund/absolutive): ‘having not taken out/removed’

• न: not
• न: Sambandha (Negation/निषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-अव्यय

• स्नायात्: should bathe
• स्नायात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्ना (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• परवारिषु: in another’s water (reservoirs)
• परवारिषु: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक) + वारि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (परस्य वारि—‘others’ water’)

• स्नायात्: may/should bathe
• स्नायात्: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √स्ना (धातु)
• Form: विधिलिङ् (optative), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• नदीप्रस्त्रवणदेवखातह्रदेषु: in rivers, springs, deity-dug tanks, and lakes
• नदीप्रस्त्रवणदेवखातह्रदेषु: Adhikarana (Locus/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नदी (प्रातिपदिक) + प्रस्त्रवण (प्रातिपदिक) + देव (प्रातिपदिक) + खात (कृदन्त; √खन् धातु) + ह्रद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th), बहुवचन; समाहार/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्वः—नद्यां च प्रस्त्रवणे च देवखाते च ह्रदे च

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Shraddha Ritual

Timing: Before bathing (snāna) when piṇḍas have been placed; remove/collect the five piṇḍas first

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Śauca and ritual propriety around water use: respect others’ designated water; complete piṇḍa-related obligations before bathing; prefer legitimate tīrtha waters.

Vedantic Theme: Outer purity as support for inner purity; disciplined action (karma) aligned with dharma reduces agitation and supports contemplation.

Application: Do not appropriate others’ resources; complete ritual duties before personal acts; choose clean, appropriate bathing places; respect communal water ethics.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: tīrtha/waterbody

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.96 (śauca; water/bathing norms)

Characters & Entities

• Vishnu
• Garuda
• Pitris

FAQs

What is the importance of the five piṇḍas (pañca piṇḍa) in the Garuda Purana?

This verse treats the five piṇḍas as a formal, protected part of the rite—one should not proceed to bathing until they are properly gathered/removed, indicating completion and respect for the offering to the departed/Pitṛs.

How does this verse relate to Garuda Purana guidance on death rituals and ritual purity?

It gives a concrete snāna-niyama (bathing rule) tied to pinda-dāna: after offerings are placed, they must be properly handled before bathing, and one should avoid using water reserved for others, while permitting bathing in common sacred/natural water sources like rivers and temple tanks.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

When performing śrāddha or pinda-related rites, follow the sequence carefully, treat offerings respectfully, and observe basic cleanliness and boundaries—use appropriate bathing places and avoid using water set aside for someone else’s ritual needs.