Shloka 13

From Brahman to the Elements: Subtle–Gross Body, Prāṇa, States of Consciousness, and Mahāvākya Realization

Devanagari script

जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तीश्च पश्यतो विकृतिः सदा / फलक्रियाकारकयोर्जाग्रदादीन्वदाम्यहम्

Transliteration

jāgratsvapnasuṣuptīśca paśyato vikṛtiḥ sadā / phalakriyākārakayorjāgradādīnvadāmyaham

Translation

ສຳລັບຈິດສຳນຶກຜູ້ເປັນພະຍານ ທີ່ເບິ່ງເຫັນ ຕື່ນ, ຝັນ, ແລະຫຼັບລຶກ ນັ້ນ ຍ່ອມມີການແປປ່ຽນໃນສະພາວະທີ່ປະສົບຢູ່ເສມອ. ບັດນີ້ ຂ້ອຍຈະອະທິບາຍສະພາວະເຫຼົ່ານີ້ ໂດຍເລີ່ມຈາກການຕື່ນ ຕາມຜົນ, ກິດຈະກຳ, ແລະຜູ້ກະທຳ (ກາຣະກະ).

Word by Word

• जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तीः: waking, dream, and deep sleep (states)
• जाग्रत्स्वप्नसुषुप्तीः: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाग्रत् (प्रातिपदिक) + स्वप्न (प्रातिपदिक) + सुषुप्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्वसमास—अवस्थात्रयम्

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-निपात

• पश्यतः: of the seer (one who observes)
• पश्यतः: Sambandha (Genitive/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पश् (धातु) → पश्यत् (कृदन्त-वर्तमानकृत्)
• Form: वर्तमानकृदन्त (शतृ), पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), एकवचन; ‘of the one who sees’

• विकृतिः: modification/change
• विकृतिः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वि + कृ (धातु) → विकृति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन

• सदा: always
• सदा: Kriya-visheshana (Temporal adverb/काल)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा (अव्यय)
• Form: कालवाचक-अव्यय (adverb of time)

• फलक्रियाकारकयोः: of result and action/agency (as two factors)
• फलक्रियाकारकयोः: Sambandha (Genitive relation/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: फल (प्रातिपदिक) + क्रिया (प्रातिपदिक) + कारक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th), द्विवचन; द्वन्द्व—फल-क्रिया-कारकयोः (of the two: result and action/agency)

• जाग्रदादीन्: waking etc. (states)
• जाग्रदादीन्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जाग्रत् (प्रातिपदिक) + आदि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), बहुवचन; ‘आदि’ = etc.; कर्म

• वदामि: I say/declare
• वदामि: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वद् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/त्रिलिङ्ग-प्रयोग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (speaking to Garuda)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: For the seer of the three states, the experienced modes undergo vikṛti (modification); the teacher will classify waking etc. by phala (result), kriyā (activity), and kāraka (agency)—a discriminative framework for self-knowledge.

Vedantic Theme: Drg-dṛśya-viveka (seer/seen discrimination); avasthā-traya analysis; instruments (kārakas) belong to prakṛti while the witness remains unchanged.

Application: Journal or reflect on state-transitions: identify results (phala), activities (kriyā), and agencies (kāraka) in daily life; reduce identification with doership; cultivate witness stance during action and rest.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.239.10-12 (witness, nirguṇa, Paramātman as threefold)

FAQs

What is the importance of waking, dream, and deep sleep in the Garuda Purana?

This verse frames jagrat, svapna, and suṣupti as analyzable states with distinct actions and results, preparing a karmic and psychological map used in Garuda Purana-style teaching about experience and agency.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

By distinguishing the ‘witness’ from changing states and by linking states to phala (results) and kriyā (activities), it supports the idea that the jīva accrues experiences through agency while consciousness itself remains the observer—an underpinning for later after-death and subtle-body discussions.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Observe how actions and intentions change across waking and dream-like mental patterns; cultivate steadiness as the ‘witness’ to reduce impulsive karma and act more ethically and deliberately.