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Shloka 4

Snāna-Śauca Krama: Varuṇa–Āpaḥ Mantras, Aghamarṣaṇa, Sūrya-Upasthāna, and Sarva-Tarpaṇa

Devanagari script

उपवीती बद्धशिखः सम्यगाचम्य वाग्यतः / उरुं राजेत्यृचा तोयमुपस्थाय प्रदक्षिणम्

Transliteration

upavītī baddhaśikhaḥ samyagācamya vāgyataḥ / uruṃ rājetyṛcā toyamupasthāya pradakṣiṇam

Translation

ສວມສາຍຍະຊໂຍປະວີຕະໃຫ້ຖືກຕ້ອງ ມັດຈຸກຜົມໃຫ້ແນ່ນ ອາຈະມະ (ຈິບນ້ຳຊຳລະ) ໃຫ້ຄົບ ແລະສະຫງົບວາຈາ ຈຶ່ງຢືນໃກ້ນ້ຳ ສະດຸດຮຶກທີ່ເລີ່ມ «uruṃ rājan…» ປະກອບພິທີ ແລ້ວເດີນວຽນຂວາດ້ວຍຄວາມເຄົາລົບ।

Word by Word
उपवीतीwearing the sacred thread
उपवीती:
Karta-visheshana (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootउपवीतिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विशेषण — ‘wearing the upavīta (sacred thread)’
बद्धशिखःwith tied topknot
बद्धशिखः:
Karta-visheshana (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootबद्ध (कृदन्त, √बन्ध्) + शिखा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष/कर्मधारयार्थ: ‘whose topknot is tied’
सम्यक्properly
सम्यक्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्यक् (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण) — ‘properly’
आचम्यhaving performed ācamana
आचम्य:
Purvakala-kriya (Gerundial)
TypeVerb
Rootआ + चम् (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव — ‘having sipped (water) / performed ācamana’
वाक्यतःrestraining speech
वाक्यतः:
Karta-visheshana (Qualifier of subject)
TypeAdjective
Rootवाक् + यत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; ‘speech-restrained’
उरुम्vast/great (uru)
उरुम्:
Karma (Object—mantra word)
TypeAdjective
Rootउरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd), एकवचन; मन्त्रपाठे विशेषणरूपेण
राजाking
राजा:
Karta (Subject within mantra)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन
इतिthus
इति:
Vacana-parisamapti (Quotation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (उद्धरण/quotative particle)
ऋचाwith a ṛc-verse
ऋचा:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootऋच् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/करण), एकवचन; ‘by/with a ṛc (Vedic verse)’
तोयम्water
तोयम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतोय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), एकवचन
उपस्थायhaving approached (the water)
उपस्थाय:
Purvakala-kriya (Gerundial)
TypeVerb
Rootउप + स्था (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त (Absolutive/Gerund), अव्ययभाव — ‘having approached/attended’
प्रदक्षिणम्clockwise
प्रदक्षिणम्:
Kriya-visheshaṇa (Adverbial)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रदक्षिण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्यय (क्रियाविशेषण) — ‘clockwise / keeping to the right’
Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in instruction to Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Ritual eligibility and efficacy arise from correct saṃskāra markers (upavīta, śikhā), ācamanā, and vāg-yama (speech restraint).

Vedantic Theme: Indriya-nigraha and niyama cultivate sattva; disciplined form supports inward recollection of ṛta/Brahman.

Application: Before any mantra-karman: wear upavīta properly, tie hair neatly, perform ācamanā, maintain silence/controlled speech, and approach the ritual element (water) with pradakṣiṇā as a gesture of surrender.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: riverbank/ghāṭ/wellside ritual spot

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.214.6 (uruṃ rājan ṛk); Garuda Purana 1.214.7 (ye te… pाश- विमोचन)

Characters & Entities
L
Lord Vishnu
G
Garuda
V
Vedic Ṛk (mantra)

FAQs

This verse ties effectiveness of the water-rite to inner and outer purity: ācamana purifies, while restrained speech maintains focused, undisturbed ritual intention.

It specifies prerequisites (upavīta, tied śikhā, ācamana), the use of a Vedic ṛk (“uruṃ rājan…”), approaching/standing by the water, and concluding with pradakṣiṇā as a sign of reverence.

Before any ancestral or sacred water offering, adopt cleanliness and mental discipline—simple ācamana, quiet focus, and a respectful concluding gesture (pradakṣiṇā) to keep the rite mindful rather than mechanical.

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