Shloka 3

Cikitsā-sāra: Doṣa Nidāna–Lakṣaṇa, Agni, Ajīrṇa/Āma Cikitsā, Daśamūla, and Prognostic Signs

Devanagari script

उच्चैर्भाषातिभाराच्च कर्मयोगातिकर्षणात् / वायुः कुप्यति पर्जन्ये जीर्णान्ने दिनसंक्षये

Transliteration

uccairbhāṣātibhārācca karmayogātikarṣaṇāt / vāyuḥ kupyati parjanye jīrṇānne dinasaṃkṣaye

Translation

ດ້ວຍການເວົ້າສຽງດັງເກີນ, ດ້ວຍພາລະໜັກແລະຄວາມກົດດັນຫຼາຍ, ແລະດ້ວຍການອອກແຮງເກີນໃນວຽກງານ—ວາຍຸ (ທາດລົມ) ຈະກຳເລີບ. ມັນຍັງຖືກກະຕຸ້ນໃນຍາມຝົນ, ເມື່ອກິນອາຫານເກົ່າ, ແລະໃນຍາມສິ້ນວັນ।

Word by Word

• उच्चैः: loudly
• उच्चैः: Kriya-visheshana (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उच्चैः (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारः—क्रियाविशेषण (adverb)

• भाषा-अति-भारात्: from excessive strain due to (much/loud) speaking
• भाषा-अति-भारात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भाषा (प्रातिपदिक) + अति (उपसर्ग/अव्यय) + भार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन; समासः—अतिशय-तत्पुरुषः (अतिभारः = excessive burden), ‘भाषा’ इति पूर्वपदेन विशेषणम् (burden due to speech)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; प्रकारः—समुच्चय (conjunction)

• कर्म-योग-अति-कर्षणात्: from excessive exertion in work/activities
• कर्म-योग-अति-कर्षणात्: Apadana (Source/अपादान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्म (प्रातिपदिक) + योग (प्रातिपदिक) + अति (अव्यय) + कर्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी-विभक्ति (अपादान), एकवचन; समासः—तत्पुरुषः; ‘अतिकर्षण’ = अतिशयेन कर्षणम् (overexertion), कर्मयोगेन सम्बन्धः (overexertion in work/activities)

• वायुः: vāta (wind-humor)
• वायुः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वायु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), एकवचन

• कुप्यति: gets aggravated
• कुप्यति: Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: कुप् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (वर्तमान), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्

• पर्जन्ये: when it rains / in rainy weather
• पर्जन्ये: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्जन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन

• जीर्ण-अन्ने: when (one takes) stale/old food
• जीर्ण-अन्ने: Adhikarana (Location/Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जीर्ण (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; समासः—कर्मधारयः (जीर्णम् अन्नम् = stale/old food)

• दिन-संक्षये: at the end of the day
• दिन-संक्षये: Adhikarana (Time/अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दिन (प्रातिपदिक) + संक्षय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी-विभक्ति (अधिकरण), एकवचन; समासः—षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (दिनस्य संक्षयः = end of the day)

Speaker

Lord Vishnu (in dialogue with Garuda/Vinata-putra)

Medical Ayurveda

Dosha: Vata

Philosophical Teaching

Concept: Vata aggravation arises from overuse (loud speech, heavy burden, overwork) and from improper timing/conditions (rain, stale food, day’s end).

Vedantic Theme: Gunas and prana: disturbance of prana-vayu through excess and irregularity obstructs steadiness of mind.

Application: Speak gently; avoid overloading and overworking; prefer fresh food; be cautious in damp/rainy weather; wind down at dusk with calming routines.

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Geographic Context

Type: seasonal/temporal setting

Cross References

Related Themes: Garuda Purana 1.168.2–6 (dosha aggravating causes by diet, behavior, season, time)

Characters & Entities

• Vayu

FAQs

What is the importance of Vāyu (Vāta) in Garuda Purana?

This verse highlights that bodily balance is tied to conduct and environment; Vāyu governs movement and becomes disturbed by overexertion, loud speech, certain foods, rain, and evening time.

How does this verse explain the path of the soul?

Indirectly, it teaches that disciplined living supports clarity and steadiness; a disturbed Vāyu leads to instability in body and mind, which affects one’s capacity for dharmic practice.

Practical application of this wisdom today?

Avoid habitual shouting, reduce overwork, be cautious with stale food, and adopt calming routines especially in rainy seasons and toward evening.