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Shloka 39

Sudāmā Brāhmaṇa: Divine Friendship, Guru-bhakti, and the Lord’s Grace

एतद् विदित्वा उदिते रवौ सान्दीपनिर्गुरु: । अन्वेषमाणो न: शिष्यानाचार्योऽपश्यदातुरान् ॥ ३९ ॥

etad viditvā udite ravau sāndīpanir guruḥ anveṣamāṇo naḥ śiṣyān ācāryo ’paśyad āturān

ເມື່ອຮູ້ເຫດນັ້ນ ຫຼັງຈາກຕາເວັນຂຶ້ນ ພຣະອາຈານສານທີປະນີ ໄດ້ອອກຕາມຫາພວກເຮົາຜູ້ເປັນສິດ ແລະພົບພວກເຮົາຢູ່ໃນຄວາມທຸກຍາກ.

एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootएतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative) एकवचन — object of विदित्वा (‘this’)
विदित्वाhaving understood
विदित्वा:
Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/Absolutive)
TypeIndeclinable
Root√विद् (धातु) + त्वा (कृदन्त)
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) — ‘having known’
उदितेupon (its) rising
उदिते:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
TypeAdjective
Rootउदित (√उद्/उद् + क्त, कृदन्त)
Formभूतकृदन्त; पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (locative) एकवचन — ‘when (the sun) had risen’ (locative absolute with रवौ)
रवौin the sun; when the sun
रवौ:
Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Locative absolute)
TypeNoun
Rootरवि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (locative) एकवचन — with उदिते (locative absolute)
सान्दीपनिःSāndīpani
सान्दीपनिः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootसान्दीपनि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (nominative) एकवचन — apposition to गुरु/आचार्य
गुरुःthe teacher
गुरुः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन — subject
अन्वेषमाणःsearching for
अन्वेषमाणः:
Karta (कर्ता/Agent)
TypeAdjective
Rootअनु-√इष्/एष् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त)
Formवर्तमानकृदन्त (present middle participle, शानच्); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन — qualifying गुरु/आचार्य (‘searching’)
नःour
नः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम; षष्ठी (genitive) बहुवचन — ‘our’
शिष्यान्disciples
शिष्यान्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootशिष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative) बहुवचन — object of अपश्यत्
आचार्यःthe preceptor
आचार्यः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचन — subject (same referent as गुरु/सान्दीपनिः)
अपश्यत्saw
अपश्यत्:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
TypeVerb
Root√पश् (धातु)
Formलङ् (Imperfect/past), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन — ‘saw’
आतुरान्distressed; afflicted
आतुरान्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier)
TypeAdjective
Rootआतुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (accusative) बहुवचन — qualifying शिष्यान् (‘distressed’)
S
Sāndīpani
K
Kṛṣṇa
B
Balarāma

FAQs

This verse shows Guru Sāndīpani personally searching for his disciples and recognizing their situation at sunrise, highlighting the ācārya’s protective, compassionate responsibility.

Kṛṣṇa and Balarāma were his students; when they did not return, Sāndīpani understood something was wrong and went looking for them, ultimately finding them distressed.

A sincere teacher cares for students’ welfare, and sincere students remain accountable and connected—seeking guidance when difficulties arise rather than becoming isolated.