Adhyakshaprachara Adhyaya 7 Sutra 10 - Arthashastra | Lao | Vedapath

Kautilya

Sutra 10

Devanagari script

प्रचारचरित्रसंस्थानान्यनुपलभमानो हि प्रकृतः समुदयमज्ञानेन परिहापयति उत्थानक्लेशासहत्वादालस्येन शब्दादिष्विन्द्रियार्थेषु प्रसक्तः प्रमादेन संक्रोशाधर्मानर्थभीरुभायेन कार्यार्थिष्वनुग्रहबुद्धिः कामेन हिंसाबुद्धिः कोपेन विद्याद्रव्यवल्लभापाश्रयाद्दर्पेण तुलामानतर्कगणितान्तरोपधानाल्लोभेन ॥ कZ_०२.७.१० ॥

Transliteration

pracāracaritrasaṃsthānāny anupalabhamāno hi prakṛtaḥ samudayam ajñānena parihāpayati; utthānakleśāsahatvād ālasyena, śabdādiṣv indriyārtheṣu prasaktaḥ pramādena, saṃkrośādharmānarthabhīrubhāyena, kāryārthiṣv anugrahabuddhiḥ kāmena, hiṃsābuddhiḥ kopena, vidyādravyavallabhāpāśrayād darpeṇa, tulāmānatarkagaṇitāntaropadhānāl lobhena.

Translation

ເຈົ້າໜ້າທີ່ຜູ້ບໍ່ສາມາດກວດຮູ້ໃຫ້ແນ່ຊັດເຖິງການເຄື່ອນໄຫວ/ວຽກງານພາກສະໜາມ, ພຶດຕິກຳ, ແລະສະພາບການດຳເນີນງານ ຍ່ອມເຮັດໃຫ້ລາຍຮັບລວມເສຍຫາຍເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມບໍ່ຮູ້; ເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມຂີ້ຄ້ານ ເພາະທົນຄວາມເຫນື່ອຍລ້າຂອງການລຸກຂຶ້ນໄປປະຕິບັດໜ້າທີ່ບໍ່ໄດ້; ເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມປະມາດ ເພາະຫມົກມຸ່ນໃນອາລົມວັດຖຸເຊັ່ນສຽງເປັນຕົ້ນ; ເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມຢ້ານ—ຢ້ານສຽງຮ້ອງໂຮງຂອງປະຊາຊົນ, ຢ້ານຄວາມຜິດກົດໝາຍ, ຫຼືຢ້ານຜົນຮ້າຍ; ເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມປາຖະໜາ ຈຶ່ງໃຫ້ຄວາມເອື້ອເຟື້ອເກີນຄວນແກ່ຜູ້ຮ້ອງຂໍ; ເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມໂກດ ຈຶ່ງເກີດໃຈຈະເຮັດຮ້າຍ; ເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມຈອງຫອງ ອາໄສຄົນໂປດ ແລະອາໄສການຄ້ຳຈຸນຈາກຄວາມຮູ້ແລະຊັບສິນ; ແລະເນື່ອງຈາກຄວາມໂລບ ປອມແປງນ້ຳໜັກແລະມາດຕາ, ພ້ອມທັງບິດເບືອນເຫດຜົນແລະການຄຳນວນໂດຍຊ່ອນຄວາມຄາດເຄື່ອນໄວ້.

Word by Word

प्रचारmovement; reconnaissance; circulation (of agents)

चरित्रconduct; behaviour; character

संस्थानानिarrangements; establishments; dispositions

अनुपलभमानःnot finding; failing to obtain/notice

हिindeed; for

प्रकृतःa constituent (of the state); an official/element by nature

समुदयम्income; revenue; accumulation

अज्ञानेनthrough ignorance

परिहापयतिcauses to diminish; wastes; makes decline

उत्थानeffort; initiative; exertion

क्लेशhardship; toil

असहत्वात्because of inability to endure

आलस्येनthrough laziness

शब्दादिषुin sound and the like (sense-objects)

इन्द्रियार्थेषुin the objects of the senses

प्रसक्तःattached; engrossed

प्रमादेनthrough negligence; carelessness

संक्रोशoutcry; clamour

अधर्मunrighteousness; illegality

अनर्थharm; misfortune; loss

भीरुfearful; timid

भायेनthrough fear

कार्यार्थिषुamong those seeking official action; petitioners

अनुग्रहबुद्धिःa disposition to show favour; favouritism

कामेनthrough desire; lust

हिंसाबुद्धिःa disposition to harm; cruelty

कोपेनthrough anger

विद्याlearning; knowledge

द्रव्यwealth; money; valuables

वल्लभfavourite; beloved person

अपाश्रयात्because of improper dependence/association

दर्पेणthrough arrogance; pride

तुलाbalance; weighing scale; standard weight

मानmeasure; measurement

तर्कreasoning; logic

गणितcalculation; arithmetic; accounting

अन्तरोपधानात्because of secret concealment; hidden falsification

लोभेनthrough greed

Entities Mentioned

prakṛta (official/employee)

kāryārthin (petitioner)

FAQs

What is the core control idea behind listing so many vices (laziness, desire, anger, greed)?

Kauṭilya links revenue loss to predictable behavioral drivers; governance must therefore monitor both processes (movement, status, accounts) and character/temptations that generate fraud.

Which concrete fraud methods are explicitly named?

Manipulation of weights and measures (tulā-māna) and accounting/calculation tricks with concealed discrepancies (gaṇitāntaropadhāna), i.e., quantitative falsification.