Vamana Purana — Vishnu's Sleep (Ashunya-Shayana), Shloka 14

The Caturmasya Observances and the Rite of Vishnu’s Sleep (Aśūnya-Śayana) and Shiva’s Monthly Vows

Devanagari script

विश्वकर्मा द्वितीयायां तृतीयायां गिरेः सुता विनायकश्चुर्थ्या तु पञ्चम्यामपि धर्मराट्

Transliteration

viśvakarmā dvitīyāyāṃ tṛtīyāyāṃ gireḥ sutā vināyakaścurthyā tu pañcamyāmapi dharmarāṭ

Translation

ದ್ವಿತೀಯಾ ತಿಥಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ವಿಶ್ವಕರ್ಮನು ನಿದ್ರಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ; ತೃತೀಯೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಗಿರಿಸುತಾ (ಪಾರ್ವತಿ) ನಿದ್ರಿಸುತ್ತಾಳೆ; ಚತುರ್ಥಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ವಿನಾಯಕನು ನಿದ್ರಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ; ಪಂಚಮಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಧರ್ಮರಾಜ (ಯಮ) ಕೂಡ ನಿದ್ರಿಸುತ್ತಾನೆ।

Word by Word

• विश्वकर्मा: Viśvakarmā
• विश्वकर्मा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: viśvakarman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—विश्व + कर्मन् (तत्पुरुष)

• द्वितीयायाम्: on the second (tithi)
• द्वितीयायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location-time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvitīyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तृतीयायाम्: on the third (tithi)
• तृतीयायाम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location-time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tṛtīyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• गिरेः: of the mountain
• गिरेः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: giri (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• सुता: daughter
• सुता: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sutā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• विनायकः: Vināyaka (Gaṇeśa)
• विनायकः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vināyaka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• चतुर्थ्याम्: on the fourth (tithi)
• चतुर्थ्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location-time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: caturthī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थे

• पञ्चम्याम्: on the fifth (tithi)
• पञ्चम्याम्: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location-time)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pañcamī (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: api (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), समुच्चय/अप्यर्थे

• धर्मराट्: Dharma-rāṭ (king of dharma)
• धर्मराट्: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dharmarāṭ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समासः—धर्म + राट् (तत्पुरुष)

Speakers

• Narrative frame not explicit in excerpt; commonly Pulastya → Nārada in Vāmana Purāṇa

Primary Deities

• Viśvakarman
• Girijā/Parvatī
• Vināyaka (Gaṇeśa)
• Dharmarāṭ (Yama)

Key Themes

• Vrata/Rituals
• Tithi calendar
• Devotional observance
• Sectarian harmony (multi-deity ritual mapping)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Flavour)

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Time (kāla) is sacralized: each tithi is linked with a cosmic functionary/deity, encouraging disciplined observance and reverence for diverse divine powers that uphold order (dharma), prosperity, and auspiciousness.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana?

This is ancillary ritual/dharma material rather than one of the five primary marks; it aligns most closely with dharma-oriented instruction often embedded alongside (or within) vaṃśānucarita-era teaching sections, but it is not a direct sarga/pratisarga/vamśa list.

What is the symbolic significance?

The mapping honors multiple divine roles: creation/craft (Viśvakarman), śakti and fertility/auspicious power (Girijā), obstacle-removal (Vināyaka), and moral retribution/order (Yama), presenting a harmonized pantheon within a single ritual calendar.