Shukla Yajur Veda — Adhyaya 20, Mantra 64
Rishi: Traditional: associated with Soma-ritual seers; in VS 20 often treated as ritual formulae rather than single-ṛṣi hymns (needs anukramaṇī confirmation)
Devata: Aśvins; Sarasvatī; Indra; Tvaṣṭṛ (compound invocation)
Chandas: Mixed/ritual prose-verse; likely Triṣṭubh/Jagatī cadence (requires metrical scan)
Samhita Patha (Devanagari)
अ॒श्विना॑ भेष॒जं मधु॑ भेष॒जं न॒: सर॑स्वती । इन्द्रे॒ त्वष्टा॒ यश॒: श्रिय॑ᳪ रू॒पᳪ-रू॑पमधुः सु॒ते
Transliteration
aśvínā bheṣajáṃ mádhu bheṣajáṃ naḥ sárasvatī | índre tváṣṭā yáśaḥ śríyaṃ rū́paṃ-rū́pam adhuḥ suté
Translation
ಅಶ್ವಿನರು ನಮಗೆ ಭೇಷಜ (ಔಷಧ)ರು; ಮಧು ಸಹ ಭೇಷಜ; ಸರಸ್ವತೀ ಸಹ (ನಮಗೆ) ಭೇಷಜ. ಇಂದ್ರನಿಗಾಗಿ ತ್ವಷ್ಟೃ ಯಶಸ್ಸನ್ನೂ ಶ್ರೀಯನ್ನೂ (ಸಮೃದ್ಧಿಯನ್ನೂ) ದತ್ತಿದ್ದಾನೆ—ಸುತೇ (ಪೀಡಿತ ಸೋಮದಲ್ಲಿ) ರೂಪದ ಮೇಲೆ ರೂಪ, ಮಧುರತೆಯೊಂದಿಗೆ.
Padapatha (Word Analysis)
अश्विना । भेषजम् । मधु । भेषजम् । नः । सरस्वती । इन्द्रे । त्वष्टा । यशः । श्रियम् । रूपम्-रूपम् । अधुः । सुते
Word by Word
अश्विनाO Aśvins (the two divine horsemen)
अश्विना:
सम्बोधन (addressed)
TypeNoun (dual deity-name)
Rootअश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
भेषजम्medicine; remedy
भेषजम्:
कर्म (understood: ‘grant/bring’ medicine)
TypeNoun
Rootभेषज (प्रातिपदिक)
मधुsweet; honey
मधु:
विशेषण/कर्म (भेषजम् इति विशेषयति)
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमधु (प्रातिपदिक)
भेषजम्medicine; remedy
भेषजम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootभेषज (प्रातिपदिक)
नःof us; for us
नः:
सम्बन्ध (genitive: ‘for/of us’)
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
सरस्वतीSarasvatī (goddess)
सरस्वती:
कर्तृ (understood: ‘(may) Sarasvatī (be/bring)’)
TypeNoun (deity-name)
Rootसरस्वती (प्रातिपदिक)
इन्द्रेin/with Indra
इन्द्रे:
अधिकरण (locative: ‘in/with Indra’)
TypeNoun (deity-name)
Rootइन्द्र (प्रातिपदिक)
त्वष्टाTvaṣṭṛ (the divine artisan)
त्वष्टा:
कर्तृ
TypeNoun (deity-name)
Rootत्वष्टृ (प्रातिपदिक)
यशःfame; glory
यशः:
कर्म (what is to be bestowed)
TypeNoun
Rootयशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
श्रियम्splendour; prosperity
श्रियम्:
कर्म
TypeNoun
Rootश्री (प्रातिपदिक)
रूपम्form; appearance
रूपम्:
कर्म/विशेष्य (in the compound below)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
रूपम्form
रूपम्:
कर्म/विशेषण (reduplicated: ‘form after form’)
TypeNoun
Rootरूप (प्रातिपदिक)
अधुःthey placed; they bestowed
अधुः:
क्रिया
TypeVerb
Rootधा (धातु) + लुङ् (आगम-रहितः), 3पु. बहु.
सुतेin the pressed Soma; at the Soma-pressing
सुते:
अधिकरण (locative: ‘in/at the pressed (Soma)’)
TypeNoun/Adjective (locative)
Rootसु (धातु ‘to press/extract (Soma)’) → सुत (कृदन्त/प्रातिपदिक)
Entities Mentioned
A
AśvinsS
SarasvatīI
IndraT
TvaṣṭṛRitual Context
Viniyoga (Ritual Application)
Commentary Summary
Philosophical Concepts
Vedic Cosmology
Academic Analysis
Cross References
Yogic Application
Chanting Notes