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Shloka 45

Right Conduct, Offenses Against Brāhmaṇas, Truthfulness, and the Greatness of the Cow

Go-Māhātmya

स्ववंशान्पातयित्वा तु पुनर्जन्म न विंदते । त्रिवेदं स्नातकं हत्वा वधस्यांतं न विन्दते

svavaṃśānpātayitvā tu punarjanma na viṃdate | trivedaṃ snātakaṃ hatvā vadhasyāṃtaṃ na vindate

ತನ್ನ ವಂಶವನ್ನು ಪತನಗೊಳಿಸಿದರೆ ಪುನರ್ಜನ್ಮ ದೊರೆಯದು; ಮತ್ತು ತ್ರಿವೇದಪಾರಂಗತ ಸ್ನಾತಕನನ್ನು ಹತ್ಯೆಮಾಡಿದರೆ ಆ ವಧಪಾಪಕ್ಕೆ ಅಂತ್ಯ ಸಿಗದು।

sva-vaṃśānone’s own lineage members
sva-vaṃśān:
Karma (कर्म/Object of pātayitvā)
TypeNoun
Rootsva + vaṃśa (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: स्वस्य वंशाः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया बहुवचन (Masculine, Acc pl)
pātayitvāhaving caused (them) to fall
pātayitvā:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Rootpat (धातु)
Formणिच्-प्रत्ययान्त causative (पातयति), क्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund): ‘having caused to fall’
tuindeed; but
tu:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (particle: but/indeed)
punar-janmarebirth
punar-janma:
Karma (कर्म/Object of vindate)
TypeNoun
Rootpunar + janman (प्रातिपदिक)
Formकर्मधारय-समास (पुनः जन्म = पुनर्जन्म); नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Neuter, Acc sg)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
vindatefinds; obtains
vindate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (3rd sg)
tri-vedama knower of the three Vedas
tri-vedam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of hatvā)
TypeNoun
Roottri + veda (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्विगु-समास (त्रयो वेदाः = त्रिवेदः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Masculine, Acc sg)
snātakama graduate (after Vedic study)
snātakam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of hatvā)
TypeNoun
Rootsnātaka (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Masculine, Acc sg)
hatvāhaving killed
hatvā:
Kriya (क्रिया/पूर्वकर्म)
TypeVerb
Roothan (धातु)
Formक्त्वान्त-अव्यय (Gerund/Absolutive): ‘having killed’
vadhasyaof the killing; of the sin of murder
vadhasya:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootvadha (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन (Masculine, Genitive sg)
antamend; limit
antam:
Karma (कर्म/Object of vindate)
TypeNoun
Rootanta (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया एकवचन (Masculine, Acc sg)
nanot
na:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/negation marker)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय (negative particle)
vindatefinds; obtains
vindate:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootvid (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद (3rd sg)

Unspecified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses to identify the dialogue pair).

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: bhayanaka

Sandhi Resolution Notes: स्ववंशान्पातयित्वा = स्ववंशान् + पातयित्वा; पुनर्जन्म = पुनः + जन्म; वधस्यांतम् = वधस्य + अन्तम्.

FAQs

A snātaka is a person who has completed Vedic study and the ceremonial bath marking graduation; the verse treats harming such a learned person as an extremely grave sin.

The verse stresses the heavy karmic consequences of destructive acts—especially ruining one’s own family line and killing a highly learned, ritually qualified person—implying such actions are among the most serious violations of dharma.

In context, such statements commonly function as hyperbolic or emphatic dharma-language: it underscores extraordinary gravity and enduring consequences, rather than presenting a technical metaphysical denial; precise intent depends on the surrounding passage.