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Shloka 117

तर्कोउप्रतिष्ठ: श्रुतयो विभिन्ना नैको ऋषिर्यस्य मतं प्रमाणम्‌ । धर्मस्य तत्त्वं निहित॑ गुहायां महाजनो येन गत: स पन्था:,तर्ककी कहीं स्थिति नहीं है, श्रुतियाँ भी भिन्न-भिन्न हैं, एक ही ऋषि नहीं है कि जिसका मत प्रमाण माना जाय तथा धर्मका तत्त्व गुहामें निहित है अर्थात्‌ अत्यन्य गूढ़ है; अत: जिससे महापुरुष जाते रहे हैं, वही मार्ग है

tarko 'pratiṣṭhaḥ śrutayo vibhinnā naiko ṛṣir yasya mataṃ pramāṇam | dharmasya tattvaṃ nihitaṃ guhāyāṃ mahājano yena gataḥ sa panthāḥ ||

ತರ್ಕಕ್ಕೆ ಸ್ಥಿರವಾದ ನೆಲೆ ಇಲ್ಲ; ಶ್ರುತಿಗಳೂ ಅನೇಕವಾಗಿ ಪರಸ್ಪರ ಭಿನ್ನವಾಗಿವೆ. ಒಬ್ಬನೇ ಋಷಿಯ ಮತವನ್ನು ಅಂತಿಮ ಪ್ರಮಾಣವೆಂದು ಸ್ವೀಕರಿಸಲಾಗದು. ಧರ್ಮತತ್ತ್ವವು ಗುಹೆಯೊಳಗೆ ನಿಹಿತವಾಗಿದೆ—ಅತಿಸೂಕ್ಷ್ಮ. ಆದ್ದರಿಂದ ಮಹಾಜನರು ನಡೆದ ದಾರಿಯೇ ಪಥ.

तर्कःreasoning, logic
तर्कः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतर्क
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अप्रतिष्ठःwithout firm foundation/standing
अप्रतिष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रतिष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रुतयःscriptural texts/traditions
श्रुतयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootश्रुति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
विभिन्नाःdiverse, differing
विभिन्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविभिन्न
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एकःone, single
एकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
ऋषिःsage
ऋषिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋषि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यस्यwhose
यस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
मतम्opinion, doctrine
मतम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
प्रमाणम्authoritative proof/standard
प्रमाणम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
धर्मस्यof dharma
धर्मस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तत्त्वम्true principle/essence
तत्त्वम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतत्त्व
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
निहितम्is placed/hidden
निहितम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-धा
Formक्त (past passive participle), Neuter, Nominative, Singular
गुहायाम्in a cave; in a hidden place
गुहायाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootगुहा
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
महाजनःgreat person(s), the wise (as a class)
महाजनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहाजन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
येनby which; along which
येन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
गतःgone, followed
गतः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formक्त (past active participle, intransitive usage), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat, he/that (path)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पन्थाःpath, way
पन्थाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
ṛṣis (sages)
M
mahājanas (great exemplars)

Educational Q&A

Dharma is subtle and cannot be settled conclusively by logic alone, by conflicting scriptural citations, or by appealing to a single sage’s opinion; therefore one should look to the lived example of truly great and virtuous people as a practical guide.

Yudhiṣṭhira reflects on the difficulty of determining dharma: debates and texts yield differing conclusions, so he points to the ‘path of the great’—the conduct of recognized exemplars—as the most reliable compass for action.