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Shloka 91

Duryodhana’s Śaraṇāgati and the Pāṇḍavas’ Resolve

Gandharva Encounter

महिषो<पि रथं दृष्ट्वा रौद्रो रुद्रस्य चानदत्‌ । देवान्‌ संत्रासयंश्वापि दैत्यांश्षापि प्रहर्षयन्‌,भयानक महिषासुर रुद्रके रथको देखकर देवताओंको त्रास और दैत्योंको हर्ष प्रदान करता हुआ बार-बार सिंहनाद करने लगा

mahiṣo 'pi rathaṃ dṛṣṭvā raudro rudrasya cānadat | devān saṃtrāsayaṃś cāpi daityāṃś cāpi praharṣayan ||

ಭಯಾನಕ ಮಹಿಷಾಸುರನು ರುದ್ರನ ರಥವನ್ನು ಕಂಡು ಮರುಮರು ಗರ್ಜಿಸಿದನು. ಅವನ ಆ ಭೀಕರ ನಾದವು ದೇವರನ್ನು ಭೀತಿಗೊಳಿಸಿತು; ದೈತ್ಯರನ್ನು ಹರ್ಷಗೊಳಿಸಿತು.

महिषःthe buffalo (Mahishasura)
महिषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहिष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund), Non-finite
रौद्रःfierce/terrible
रौद्रः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootरौद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रुद्रस्यof Rudra
रुद्रस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootरुद्र
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनदत्roared/sounded
अनदत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनद्
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सन्त्रासयन्frightening/terrifying
सन्त्रासयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसन्त्रासय् (सन् + त्रस् + णिच्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
दैत्यान्the demons (Daityas)
दैत्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदैत्य
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रहर्षयन्gladdening/causing joy to
प्रहर्षयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रहर्षय् (प्र + हृष् + णिच्)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Parasmaipada

मार्कण्डेय उवाच

M
Mārkaṇḍeya
R
Rudra (Śiva)
R
Rudra’s chariot
M
Mahīṣa / Mahīṣāsura (buffalo-demon)
D
Devas
D
Daityas

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how displays of power shape collective psychology: the same act (a terrifying roar) can weaken the righteous side through fear and strengthen the unrighteous through exhilaration. Ethically, it points to the need for steadiness and discernment—dharma is upheld not by panic or bravado, but by inner firmness in the face of intimidation.

Mārkaṇḍeya narrates that the buffalo-demon, upon seeing Rudra’s chariot, repeatedly roars in a dreadful manner. His roar spreads terror among the gods while simultaneously encouraging the Daityas, signaling the intensification of the impending battle.