Shloka 81
Dharma-vyādha’s Analysis of Moral Decline and the Mahābhūta–Guṇa Schema (धर्मव्याधोपदेशः)
युधिछिर उवाच कि तच्छौचं भवेद् येन विप्र: शुद्ध: सदा भवेद् | तदिच्छामि महाप्राज्ञ श्रोतुं धर्मभृतां वर,युधिष्ठिरने पूछा--धर्मात्माओंमें श्रेष्ठ महाप्राज्ञ महर्ष! वह शौच क्या है जिससे ब्राह्मण सदा शुद्ध बना रहता है? मैं उसे सुनना चाहता हूँ
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: ki tac chaucaṁ bhaved yena vipraḥ śuddhaḥ sadā bhavet | tad icchāmi mahāprājña śrotuṁ dharmabhṛtāṁ vara ||
ಯುಧಿಷ್ಠಿರನು ಹೇಳಿದರು—ಓ ಮಹಾಪ್ರಾಜ್ಞನೇ, ಧರ್ಮವನ್ನು ಧರಿಸಿದವರಲ್ಲಿ ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠ ಮಹರ್ಷಿಯೇ! ಯಾವ ಶೌಚದಿಂದ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣನು ಸದಾ ಶುದ್ಧನಾಗಿ ಇರುತ್ತಾನೆ? ಅದನ್ನು ನಾನು ಕೇಳಲು ಬಯಸುತ್ತೇನೆ.
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse frames an ethical inquiry: true purity (śauca) is not assumed but defined by dharma. Yudhiṣṭhira seeks the principle by which a brāhmaṇa remains continually ‘śuddha’, implying that lasting purity depends on sustained conduct and inner discipline, not merely occasional external cleansing.
In the forest setting of the Vana Parva, Yudhiṣṭhira addresses a highly wise dharma-authority (mahāprājña, ‘best among dharma-bearers’) and asks for instruction on the nature of śauca—what kind of purity ensures a brāhmaṇa’s constant purity.