Shloka 91

धर्मेणाप्तं निधनं तस्य मन्ये यो योत्स्यते पाण्डवै: पापबुद्धि: । मिथ्या ग्लहे निर्जिता वै नृशंसै: संवत्सरान्‌ वै द्वादश राजपुत्रा:,“जो पापबुद्धि मानव पाण्डवोंके साथ युद्ध करेगा, धर्मकी दृष्टिसे उसकी मृत्यु निकट आ गयी है, ऐसा मेरा विश्वास है। कारण कि इन क्रूर स्वभाववाले कौरवोंने हम सब लोगोंको कपट्यूतमें जीतकर बारह वर्षोके लिये वनमें निर्वासित कर दिया था; यद्यपि हम भी राजाके ही पुत्र थे

sañjaya uvāca |

dharmeṇāptaṃ nidhanaṃ tasya manye yo yotsyate pāṇḍavaiḥ pāpabuddhiḥ |

mithyāglahе nirjitā vai nṛśaṃsaiḥ saṃvatsarān vai dvādaśa rājaputrāḥ ||

ಸಂಜಯನು ಹೇಳಿದನು— ಪಾಪಬುದ್ಧಿಯಿಂದ ಪಾಂಡವರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಯುದ್ಧ ಮಾಡುವವನಿಗೆ ಧರ್ಮದ ದೃಷ್ಟಿಯಿಂದ ಮರಣವು ಈಗಾಗಲೇ ನಿಶ್ಚಿತವಾಗಿದೆ ಎಂದು ನಾನು ಭಾವಿಸುತ್ತೇನೆ. ಏಕೆಂದರೆ ಕ್ರೂರಸ್ವಭಾವದ ಕೌರವರು ಕಪಟ ದ್ಯೂತದಲ್ಲಿ ನಮ್ಮನ್ನು ಜಯಿಸಿ— ನಾವೂ ರಾಜಪುತ್ರರೇ ಆಗಿದ್ದರೂ— ಹನ್ನೆರಡು ವರ್ಷಗಳ ಕಾಲ ವನವಾಸಕ್ಕೆ ಕಳುಹಿಸಿದ್ದರು.

धर्मेणby/according to dharma
धर्मेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
आप्तम्obtained/attained
आप्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootआप् (धातु) → आप्त (कृदन्त)
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
निधनम्death, destruction
निधनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिधन
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तस्यof him/that (person)
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
मन्येI think/consider
मन्ये:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootमन् (मन्यते)
FormPresent, First, Singular, Atmanepada
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
योत्स्यतेwill fight
योत्स्यते:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध् (योद्धुम्/युध्यते)
FormFuture, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
पाण्डवैःwith the Pandavas
पाण्डवैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
पापबुद्धिःevil-minded (person)
पापबुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपाप-बुद्धि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मिथ्याfalsely
मिथ्या:
Visheshana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमिथ्या
ग्लहेin the gambling match
ग्लहे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootग्लह
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
निर्जिताःdefeated, conquered
निर्जिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-√जि (जये) → निर्जित (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
Nipata
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
नृशंसैःby the cruel (ones)
नृशंसैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनृशंस
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
संवत्सरान्years
संवत्सरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वैindeed
वै:
Nipata
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
द्वादशtwelve
द्वादश:
Visheshana
TypeNumeral
Rootद्वादश
राजपुत्राःking’s sons, princes
राजपुत्राः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराज-पुत्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya
P
Pandavas
K
Kauravas
R
royal princes (rājaputrāḥ)
D
dice-game (glaha)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames moral causality: to wage war against the Pandavas after the injustice of the deceitful dice-game is to align oneself with adharma, and such a choice is portrayed as inevitably leading to ruin. Ethical wrongdoing (fraud, cruelty, unjust dispossession) ripens into destructive consequences in the arena of war.

Sanjaya comments on the impending conflict, judging that anyone who fights the Pandavas with wicked intent is already marked for death by dharma’s logic. He recalls the earlier wrong: the Kauravas, through a fraudulent gambling match, defeated the princes and sent them to a twelve-year forest exile despite their royal status.