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Shloka 19

उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्

अपण्डितो वापि सुहृत्‌ पण्डितो वाप्यनात्मवान्‌ | भारत! जो मित्र न हो, मित्र होनेपर भी पण्डित न हो, पण्डित होनेपर भी जिसका मन वशमें न हो, वह अपनी गुप्त मन्त्रणा जाननेके योग्य नहीं है ।।

apaṇḍito vāpi suhṛt paṇḍito vāpy anātmavān | bhārata! yo mitra na ho, mitra bhūtvāpi yo na paṇḍitaḥ, paṇḍito bhūtvāpi yasya mano na vaśe, sa svaguhya-mantraṇā-jñāne na yogyas tiṣṭhati || nāparīkṣya mahīpālaḥ kuryāt sacivam ātmanaḥ ||

ಭಾರತಾ! ಅಜ್ಞಾನಿಯಾದವನು—ಸ್ನೇಹಿತನಾದರೂ; ಮಿತ್ರನೆಂದು ಕರೆಯಲ್ಪಟ್ಟರೂ ನಿಜ ಮಿತ್ರನಲ್ಲದವನು; ಹತ್ತಿರವನಾದರೂ ಪಂಡಿತನಲ್ಲದವನು; ಪಂಡಿತನಾದರೂ ಆತ್ಮಸಂಯಮವಿಲ್ಲದವನು—ಇವರಿಗೆ ಗುಪ್ತ ಮಂತ್ರಣೆಯನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಯಲು ಅರ್ಹತೆ ಇಲ್ಲ. ರಾಜನು ಪರೀಕ್ಷಿಸದೆ ತನ್ನ ಸಚಿವ/ಮಂತ್ರಿಯನ್ನು ನೇಮಿಸಬಾರದು.

nanot
na:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootna
aparīkṣyawithout examining; having not tested
aparīkṣya:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootpari-īkṣ (√īkṣ)
FormAbsolutive (ktvā-anta), indeclinable
mahīpālaḥthe king (protector of the earth)
mahīpālaḥ:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootmahīpāla
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
kuryātshould make/appoint
kuryāt:
TypeVerb
Root√kṛ
FormOptative (vidhi-liṅ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular, present-system
sacivama minister; counselor
sacivam:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootsaciva
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
ātmanaḥof himself; for himself
ātmanaḥ:
TypeNoun
Rootātman
FormMasculine, genitive, singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
B
Bhārata (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)
M
mahīpāla (the king, generic)

Educational Q&A

Confidential counsel should be shared only with a thoroughly tested minister who is wise, truly loyal, and self-controlled; learning without self-mastery is unsafe for state secrets.

In Vidura’s counsel to Dhṛtarāṣṭra during the Udyoga Parva, he lays down principles of royal policy: the king must scrutinize character and competence before appointing advisers and before entrusting them with secret deliberations.