Shloka 55

परवीर्य समाश्रित्य यः समाह्दयते परान्‌ | अशक्त: स्वयमादातुमेतदेव नपुंसकम्‌,“जो स्वयं सामना करनेमें असमर्थ होनेके कारण दूसरोंके पराक्रमका भरोसा करके शत्रुओंको युद्धके लिये ललकारता है, उसका यह कार्य उसकी नपुंसकताका ही सूचक है

paravīrya samāśritya yaḥ samāhvayate parān | aśaktaḥ svayam ādātuṃ etad eva napuṃsakam ||

ಸಂಜಯನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ತಾನೇ ಎದುರಿಸಲು ಅಶಕ್ತನಾಗಿ, ಇತರರ ಪರಾಕ್ರಮವನ್ನು ಆಶ್ರಯಿಸಿ ಶತ್ರುಗಳನ್ನು ಯುದ್ಧಕ್ಕೆ ಲಲಕಾರಿಸುವವನ ಆ ಕೃತ್ಯವೇ ಅವನ ಪೌರುಷಹೀನತೆ ಮತ್ತು ನಪುಂಸಕತ್ವದ ಗುರುತು.

परवीर्यम्others' valor
परवीर्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपर-वीर्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
समाश्रित्यhaving resorted to / relying on
समाश्रित्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
समाह्वयतेchallenges / calls out
समाह्वयते:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-ह्वे
FormLat (Present), Ātmanepada, 3rd, Singular
परान्others; enemies
परान्:
Karma
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अशक्तःunable
अशक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-शक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वयम्oneself
स्वयम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootस्वयम्
आदातुम्to take up / to undertake
आदातुम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootआ-दा
Formतुमुन् (infinitive), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
एतत्this
एतत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
एवindeed; just
एव:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नपुंसकम्unmanliness; impotence; cowardice
नपुंसकम्:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootनपुंसक
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sanjaya

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that provoking conflict while depending on others to bear the real risk is ethically blameworthy; courage is measured by one’s own readiness to face consequences, not by loud challenges supported by borrowed power.

In the Udyoga Parva’s pre-war tensions, Sanjaya comments on the moral quality of a person who issues battle challenges while lacking the personal capacity to meet them, framing such posturing as a sign of cowardice rather than heroism.