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Shloka 1

ऋत्विग्धर्मः, दक्षिणा-न्यायः, तपसः परमार्थः

Ritvij-Dharma, the Norm of Dakṣiṇā, and the Higher Meaning of Tapas

अर एकोनाशीतितमो< ध्याय: ऋषच्विजोंके लक्षण

Yudhiṣṭhira uvāca: kva-samutthāḥ kathaṃ-śīlā ṛtvijaḥ syuḥ pitāmaha? kathaṃ-vidhāś ca rājendra tad brūhi vadatāṃ vara.

ಯುಧಿಷ್ಠಿರನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ಪಿತಾಮಹನೇ! ಋತ್ವಿಜರು ಯಾವ ಮೂಲದಿಂದ ಉದ್ಭವಿಸಿದ್ದಾರೆ? ಅವರ ಸ್ವಭಾವ ಹೇಗಿರಬೇಕು? ಓ ನರೇಂದ್ರ ರಾಜೇಂದ್ರ, ಅವರು ಯಾವ ಯಾವ ವಿಧಗಳಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ? ವಕ್ತಾರರಲ್ಲಿ ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠನೇ, ದಯವಿಟ್ಟು ಇದನ್ನು ತಿಳಿಸು.

युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
क्वfrom where?/where?
क्व:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootक्व
समुत्थाःarisen/originated
समुत्थाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसमुत्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
शीलाःof what nature/character
शीलाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootशील
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
ऋत्विजःpriests (ṛtvij-s)
ऋत्विजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्युःmight be/should be
स्युः:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पितामहO grandsire
पितामह:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
विधाःof what kinds/types
विधाः:
TypeNoun
Rootविधा
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
राजेन्द्रO lord of kings
राजेन्द्र:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootराजेन्द्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्that (matter)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
ब्रूहिtell (me)
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
वदताम्of speakers
वदताम्:
TypeNoun
Rootवद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
वरO best
वर:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Bhīṣma (Pitāmaha)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames an ethical inquiry: ritual authority (ṛtvij) must be grounded in proper origin/training and, above all, in character. It sets up Bhīṣma’s instruction that competence in sacrifice is inseparable from dharmic conduct.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction section, Yudhiṣṭhira approaches Bhīṣma as a teacher and asks about the origin, nature, and classifications of sacrificial priests, preparing for a discussion on yajña, dakṣiṇā, and the superiority of tapas.