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Shloka 27

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

एवमप्यनुमानेन हालिड्रमुपल भ्यते । पजञ्चविंशतिमस्तात लिड्लेषु नियतात्मक:

evam apy anumānena hālīdram upalabhyate | pañcaviṁśatim astāt liṅgeṣu niyatātmakaḥ ||

ಹೀಗೆಯೇ ಅನುಮಾನದಿಂದ ಲಿಂಗಗಳಿಂದ ಭಿನ್ನವಾದ ಶುದ್ಧ ಚೈತನ್ಯಸ್ವರೂಪ ಆತ್ಮನನ್ನೂ ಗ್ರಹಿಸಬಹುದು. ದೃಶ್ಯವನ್ನು ಪ್ರಕಾಶಿಸುವ ಕಾರಣದಿಂದ ಸೂರ್ಯನು ದೃಶ್ಯ ವಸ್ತುಗಳಿಂದ ಬೇರೆ ಎಂದು ಹೇಗೆ ತಿಳಿಯುತ್ತದೋ, ಹಾಗೆಯೇ ಜ್ಞಾನಸ್ವಭಾವವಾದ ಆತ್ಮವೂ ಜ್ಞೇಯ ವಸ್ತುಗಳನ್ನು ಪ್ರಕಟಿಸುವುದರಿಂದ ಅವುಗಳಿಂದ ಭಿನ್ನ ಸತ್ತೆಯಾಗಿ ನಿಂತಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಪ್ರಿಯವತ್ಸ, ಆ ಆತ್ಮವೇ ಇಪ್ಪತ್ತೈದನೆಯ ತತ್ತ್ವ; ಅದು ಎಲ್ಲ ಲಿಂಗಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಸ್ಥಿರವಾಗಿ, ನಿತ್ಯವಾಗಿ ವ್ಯಾಪಿಸಿದೆ.

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनुमानेनby inference
अनुमानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुमान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हालिड्रम्turmeric (yellow pigment)
हालिड्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहालिड्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपलभ्यतेis obtained / is apprehended
उपलभ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormPresent (Lat), Passive, Third, Singular
पञ्चविंशतिम्the twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अस्तात्may be / should be
अस्तात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
लिङ्गेषुin the marks/bodies (liṅgas)
लिङ्गेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
नियतात्मकःhaving a fixed/constant nature
नियतात्मकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
Ā
ātman (Self)
S
sūrya (sun) (implied by the Hindi gloss)
H
hālīdra (turmeric)

Educational Q&A

The Self (ātman/puruṣa) is not an object among objects; it is the illuminator of all knowables. Therefore it is known not by direct sensory grasp but by inference—recognizing that whatever is revealed requires a revealer. This Self is identified as the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) that pervades all embodied states.

Vasiṣṭha is instructing a listener (addressed affectionately as ‘dear one’) in discriminative knowledge: distinguishing consciousness from the ‘liṅgas’—the marks or constituents associated with embodiment. He uses an inference-based analogy (and, in the accompanying gloss, the sun’s illumination) to argue that the knower is distinct from the known.