Shanti Parva Adhyaya 269 Shloka 30 - Mahabharata | Kannada | Vedapath

Vyasa

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Shloka 30

परिव्राजक-आचारः (Conduct of the Wandering Renunciant) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 269

Devanagari script

चतुर्थोपनिषद्‌ धर्म: साधारण इति स्मृति: । संसिद्धै: साध्यते नित्यं ब्राह्मणैर्नियतात्मभि:

Transliteration

caturthopaniṣad dharmaḥ sādhāraṇa iti smṛtiḥ | saṃsiddhaiḥ sādhyate nityaṃ brāhmaṇair niyatātmabhiḥ ||

Translation

ಕಪಿಲನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ತುರೀಯ ಬ್ರಹ್ಮಸಂಬಂಧಿಯಾದ ಉಪನಿಷತ್ತಿನ ಅನುಭವಕ್ಕೆ ಸಂಬಂಧಿಸಿದ ಶಿಸ್ತು, ಸ್ಮೃತಿಯ ಪ್ರಕಾರ ಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ (ಸರ್ವಸಾಮಾನ್ಯ) ಧರ್ಮ. ಆದರೆ ಅದು ನಿತ್ಯವೂ ಸ್ಥಿರವಾಗಿ ಸಾಧಿಸಲ್ಪಡುವುದು ಆತ್ಮಸಂಯಮಿಗಳಾದ, ತಪಸ್ಸಿನಿಂದ ಸಿದ್ಧರಾದ, ಬ್ರಹ್ಮನಿಷ್ಠ ಬ್ರಾಹ್ಮಣರಿಂದ ಮಾತ್ರ; ಅವರೇ ಆ ಮಾರ್ಗವನ್ನು ನಿರಂತರವಾಗಿ ಆಚರಿಸಿ ಪೂರ್ಣಗೊಳಿಸಬಲ್ಲರು.

Word by Word

चतुर्थोपनिषद्the fourth Upaniṣad (i.e., the Upaniṣadic knowledge connected with the fourth state)

धर्मःdharma; discipline

साधारणःcommon (to all)

इतिthus

स्मृतिःSmṛti (traditional law-text); tradition

संसिद्धैःby the fully accomplished (ones)

साध्यतेis practiced; is accomplished

नित्यम्always

ब्राह्मणैःby Brahmins

नियतात्मभिःby those of restrained self

Speaker

कपिल उवाच

Characters & Entities

Kapila

Smṛti

Brahmanas

Brahman (turiya-related realization)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Upaniṣadic realization (turiya/Brahman-oriented knowledge) is presented as a universal dharma in principle, but in practice it is consistently attainable only by those who have strong self-restraint and spiritual maturity—disciplined aspirants perfected by tapas and steadiness of mind.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instructional dialogue, Kapila is explaining a hierarchy of spiritual practice: although the highest contemplative discipline is said to be ‘common’ to all, its sustained observance and fruition require exceptional inner control and accomplished ascetic-spiritual preparation.