Shloka 10

Kośa, Bala, and Maryādā: Treasury, Capacity, and Enforceable Limits (कोश-बल-मर्यादा)

Devanagari script

यथा यथा हि पुरुषो नित्यं शास्त्रमवेक्षते । तथा तथा विजानाति विज्ञानमथ रोचते

Transliteration

yathā yathā hi puruṣo nityaṁ śāstram avekṣate | tathā tathā vijānāti vijñānam atha rocate ||

Translation

ಮನುಷ್ಯನು ಪ್ರತಿದಿನ ಶಾಸ್ತ್ರವನ್ನು ಎಷ್ಟು ಎಷ್ಟು ಪರಿಶೀಲಿಸಿ ಅಧ್ಯಯನ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾನೋ, ಅಷ್ಟು ಅಷ್ಟು ಅವನ ಜ್ಞಾನ ವೃದ್ಧಿಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ; ನಂತರ ಅವನ ಮನಸ್ಸು ವಿಶೇಷವಾಗಿ ಉನ್ನತ, ವಿವೇಕಜ್ಞಾನದಲ್ಲೇ ರಮಿಸುತ್ತದೆ.

Word by Word

• यथा: as, in whatever manner
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• यथा: so, correspondingly (repeated for emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा

• हि: indeed, for
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि

• पुरुषः: a man, person
• पुरुषः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुरुष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नित्यम्: always, constantly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• शास्त्रम्: treatise, scripture
• शास्त्रम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: शास्त्र
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अवेक्षते: looks at, studies, examines
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव + ईक्ष्
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

• तथा: so, in that way
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• तथा: so, correspondingly (repeated for emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• विजानाति: understands, knows distinctly
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + ज्ञा
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• विज्ञानम्: knowledge, understanding
• विज्ञानम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: विज्ञान
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अथ: then, thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• रोचते: takes delight, is pleased, becomes inclined
• Type: Verb
• Root: रुच्
• Form: Present (Lat), 3rd, Singular, Ātmanepada

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• puruṣa (the person/seeker)
• śāstra (scriptural teaching)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Regular, sustained study and reflection on authoritative teachings gradually deepens understanding; with maturity, one naturally develops a taste for subtler, more discriminative knowledge (vijñāna) rather than mere surface learning.

What is happening in the narrative?

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma is instructing the listener on the cultivation of wisdom and dharma after the war; here he emphasizes disciplined, continual engagement with śāstra as the practical means by which knowledge grows and higher insight becomes desirable.