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Shloka 7

Daṇḍotpatti-kathana (Origin and Function of Daṇḍa) — वसुहोम–मान्धातृ संवाद

कश्न विज्ञायते पूर्व को वरो दण्डसंज्ञित: । किंसंस्थश्नव भवेद्‌ दण्ड: का वास्य गतिरुच्यते,पहले इसे किस नामसे जाना जाता था? कौन दण्ड प्रसिद्ध है? दण्डका आधार क्‍या है? तथा उसकी गति क्या बतायी गयी है?

kaś ca vijñāyate pūrvaṁ ko varo daṇḍasaṁjñitaḥ | kiṁsaṁsthaś ca bhaved daṇḍaḥ kā vāsya gatir ucyate ||

ಯುಧಿಷ್ಠಿರನು ಕೇಳಿದನು— ಪೂರ್ವಕಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಇದನ್ನು ಯಾವ ಹೆಸರಿನಿಂದ ತಿಳಿಯಲಾಗುತ್ತಿತ್ತು? ಯಾವ ಶ್ರೇಷ್ಠ ತತ್ತ್ವವನ್ನು ‘ದಂಡ’ ಎಂದು ಕರೆಯುತ್ತಾರೆ? ದಂಡವು ಯಾವ ಆಧಾರದ ಮೇಲೆ ನಿಂತಿದೆ, ಮತ್ತು ಅದರ ಗತಿ/ಪರಿಣಾಮವೆಂದು ಏನು ಹೇಳಲಾಗಿದೆ?

कःwho/what (which person/thing)
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
विज्ञायतेis known/understood
विज्ञायते:
TypeVerb
Root√ज्ञा
FormLat, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive
पूर्वम्formerly/earlier
पूर्वम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपूर्व
कःwho/which
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वरःexcellent one/best
वरः:
TypeNoun
Rootवर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दण्ड-संज्ञितःcalled/known as 'Daṇḍa'
दण्ड-संज्ञितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदण्डसंज्ञित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
संस्थःsituated/established (in)
संस्थः:
TypeAdjective
Rootसंस्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
भवेत्would be/may be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormVidhi-lin, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
दण्डःpunishment/rod (Daṇḍa)
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
काwhat (which)
का:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
वाor/indeed (disjunctive/emphatic)
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अस्यof it/of him
अस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
गतिःcourse/movement/destination
गतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis said/is stated
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Root√वच्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Third, Singular, Passive

युधिछ्िर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Daṇḍa

Educational Q&A

The verse frames Daṇḍa as a central ethical-political principle: legitimate authority and punishment must have a recognized origin/name, a defined excellence (why it is ‘vara’), a moral foundation (what it rests upon), and a declared proper course or end (how it should function and what it should achieve).

In the Śānti Parva’s rājadharma discussions, Yudhiṣṭhira questions the doctrine of Daṇḍa—seeking its earlier designation, its true nature as an ‘excellent’ principle, its basis, and its intended trajectory—so that kingship and justice may be grounded in dharma rather than mere force.