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Shloka 57

युधिष्ठिरस्य धनंजय-प्रति गर्हा

Yudhiṣṭhira’s Reproach to Dhanaṃjaya

मा चैतानप्रियं ब्रूहि मा वै ब्रज महारणम्‌ । वक्तव्या मारिषान्ये तु न वक्तव्यास्तु मादूशा:

mā caitānpriyaṃ brūhi mā vai braja mahāraṇam | vaktavyā māriṣānye tu na vaktavyāstu mādṛśāḥ ||

ಸಂಜಯನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—“ನನಗೆ ಈ ಪ್ರಿಯವಾದ ಮಾತುಗಳನ್ನು ಹೇಳಬೇಡ; ಆ ಮಹಾರಣಕ್ಕೆ ಹೋಗಬೇಡ. ಇಂತಹ ಉಪದೇಶವನ್ನು ಇತರ ಮಾನ್ಯರು ಹೇಳಬಹುದು; ನನ್ನಂತಹವರು ಹೇಳಲು ಯೋಗ್ಯರಲ್ಲ.”

माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
FormProhibitive particle (used with imperative/optative)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormConjunction
एतान्these (persons/things)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अप्रियम्unpleasant (thing/word)
अप्रियम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular (used adverbially: 'what is unpleasant')
ब्रूहिsay / tell
ब्रूहि:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperative, 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
माdo not
मा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमा
FormProhibitive particle
वैindeed / surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
FormEmphatic particle
ब्रजgo
ब्रज:
TypeVerb
Rootव्रज्
FormImperative, 2nd person, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाgreat
महा:
TypeAdjective
Rootमहा
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular (as first member of compound)
रणम्battle
रणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वक्तव्याshould be spoken
वक्तव्या:
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural (gerundive: 'to be said')
मारिषाणिgentle/pleasant words (courteous things)
मारिषाणि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमारिष
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अन्येothers
अन्ये:
Karta
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तुbut
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
FormAdversative particle
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
FormNegation
वक्तव्याःshould be spoken
वक्तव्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवच्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural (gerundive: 'to be said')
तुindeed/but
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
FormParticle
मादृशाःpeople like me/us
मादृशाः:
Karta
TypeNoun/Adjective
Rootमादृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical restraint and humility: not everyone is entitled or qualified to give decisive counsel in grave matters like war; one should recognize proper authority and one’s own limits.

Sañjaya speaks to someone about the impending great battle, urging that he not be addressed with merely pleasing words and that he not proceed into the battle; he adds that such admonition properly belongs to respected elders, not to someone like himself.