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Shloka 293

कर्णपरर्वणि त्रयोचत्वारिंशदध्यायः (Karṇa-parva Adhyāya 43) — Kṛṣṇa’s Battlefield Assessment and the Reversal Around Bhīma

सबालवृद्धा: क्रन्दन्तस्तेषु धर्म: कथं भवेत्‌ । “जो शाकलनिवासी आबालवृद्ध नर-नारी मदिरासे उन्मत्त हो चिल्ला-चिल्लाकर ऐसी गाथाएँ गाया करते हैं, उनमें धर्म कैसे रह सकता है?”

sabālavṛddhāḥ krandantas teṣu dharmaḥ kathaṃ bhavet

ಶಾಕಲದ ನಿವಾಸಿಗಳು—ಮಕ್ಕಳಿಂದ ವೃದ್ಧರವರೆಗೆ—ಸ್ತ್ರೀಪುರುಷರೆಲ್ಲ ಮದ್ಯಮತ್ತರಾಗಿ ಕೂಗಿ ಕೂಗಿ ಇಂತಹ ಗಾಥೆಗಳನ್ನು ಹಾಡುತ್ತಿದ್ದರೆ, ಅಲ್ಲಿ ಧರ್ಮ ಹೇಗೆ ಉಳಿಯುವುದು?

he/that (one)
:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
बालवृद्धाःchildren and the aged
बालवृद्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबालवृद्ध
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
क्रन्दन्तःcrying, wailing
क्रन्दन्तः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootक्रन्द्
Formpresent active participle (शतृ), masculine, nominative, plural
तेषुamong them/in them
तेषु:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine/neuter, locative, plural
धर्मःdharma, righteousness
धर्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
कथम्how?
कथम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकथम्
भवेत्could be / would exist
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formvidhi-linga (optative), parasmaipada, 3rd, singular, potential/should-be

कर्ण उवाच

K
Karna
Ś
Śākala (implied by the Hindi gloss: शाकलनिवासी)

Educational Q&A

Karna frames dharma as inseparable from social restraint and humane conduct: where intoxication, loud disorder, and the suffering cries of the vulnerable prevail, moral order cannot be sustained.

Karna is speaking critically about a community (associated with Śākala in the accompanying gloss), portraying it as morally degraded—people of all ages intoxicated and shouting—using this as evidence that dharma is absent there.