Shloka 193

अभिमन्योरावरणम्

Encirclement and counter-strikes of Abhimanyu

Devanagari script

कृतवर्मा च हार्दिक्य: षड्‌ रथा: पर्यवारयन्‌ । तब द्रोणाचार्य, कृपाचार्य, कर्ण, अश्वत्थामा, बृहदबल और हृदिकपुत्र कृतवर्मा--इन छ: महारथियोंने अभिमन्युको घेर लिया

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | kṛtavarmā ca hārdikyaḥ ṣaḍ-rathāḥ paryavārayan |

Translation

ಹೃದೀಕಪುತ್ರ ಕೃತವರ್ಮನು ಮತ್ತು ಆ ಆರು ರಥಿಗಳು ಅಭಿಮನ್ಯುವನ್ನು ಸುತ್ತುವರಿದರು—ದ್ರೋಣ, ಕೃಪ, ಕರ್ಣ, ಅಶ್ವತ್ಥಾಮ, ಬೃಹದ್ಬಲ ಮತ್ತು ಕೃತವರ್ಮ; ಈ ಆರು ಮಹಾರಥಿಗಳು ಸೇರಿ ಆ ಯುವವೀರನನ್ನು ವಲಯವಾಗಿ ಕಟ್ಟಿದರು।

Word by Word

• कृतवर्मा: Kṛtavarmā
• कृतवर्मा: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृतवर्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• हार्दिक्यः: Hārdikya (son of Hṛdika; epithet of Kṛtavarmā)
• हार्दिक्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: हार्दिक्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• षट्: six
• षट्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: षष्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• रथाः: chariots / chariot-warriors
• रथाः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• पर्यवारयन्: surrounded / hemmed in
• Type: Verb
• Root: परि + अव + √वृ (वृणोति/वृ)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), Third, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Kṛtavarmā
• Hṛdīka
• Droṇācārya
• Kṛpācārya
• Karṇa
• Aśvatthāmā
• Bṛhadbala
• Abhimanyu

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights the ethical tension between martial prowess and dharma: when many renowned warriors combine to overpower a single youthful opponent, victory may be strategic yet morally fraught, prompting reflection on fairness, duty, and the limits of acceptable conduct in war.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Kṛtavarmā (Hārdikya) and a group of six chariot-warriors close ranks to encircle Abhimanyu, marking a decisive moment where the Kaurava champions coordinate to isolate and overwhelm him.