Shloka 40
Śiva’s Battlefield Manifestation and Vyāsa’s Śatarudrīya Exposition (शिवप्रादुर्भावः शतरुद्रीयव्याख्यानम्)
Devanagari script
तौ तु विद्ध्वा महाराज पाण्डवो निशितै:शरै:
Transliteration
tau tu viddhvā mahārāja pāṇḍavo niśitaiḥ śaraiḥ
Translation
ಸಂಜಯನು ಹೇಳಿದನು—ಮಹಾರಾಜ, ಪಾಂಡವನು ಆ ಇಬ್ಬರನ್ನೂ ತೀಕ್ಷ್ಣ ಬಾಣಗಳಿಂದ ವಿದ್ಧ ಮಾಡಿ ಸಮರವನ್ನು ಇನ್ನಷ್ಟು ಮುಂದಕ್ಕೆ ಒತ್ತಿದನು।
Word by Word
तौthose two (them)
तौ:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Dual
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
विद्ध्वाhaving pierced/struck
विद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (विध्)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage)
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पाण्डवःthe Pandava (Arjuna/Yudhishthira etc.; here: a Pandava)
पाण्डवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
निशितैःwith sharp
निशितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनिशित
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
शरैःarrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaM
Mahārāja (Dhṛtarāṣṭra, addressed)P
PāṇḍavaŚ
Śara (arrows)Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores the harsh reality of kṣatriya-duty in war: action is executed with precision and resolve, while the ethical weight lies in fulfilling one’s role amid unavoidable violence.
Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a Pāṇḍava warrior pierces ‘those two’ opponents with sharp arrows, marking a decisive moment in the ongoing combat sequence.