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Shloka 48

Dhṛtarāṣṭra–Sañjaya-saṃvādaḥ; madhyāhna-saṅgrāma-pravṛttiḥ

Dhritarashtra–Sanjaya dialogue and the midday battle escalation

एतस्मिन्नेव काले तु द्रुपदस्यात्मजो बली । धृष्टद्युम्नो महाराज पुत्र तव जनेश्वरम्‌

etasminneva kāle tu drupadasyātmajo balī | dhṛṣṭadyumno mahārāja putra tava janeśvaram ||

ಅದೇ ಕ್ಷಣದಲ್ಲಿ, ಮಹಾರಾಜನೇ, ದ್ರುಪದನ ಬಲಿಷ್ಠ ಪುತ್ರ ಧೃಷ್ಟದ್ಯುಮ್ನನು ನಿಮ್ಮ ಪುತ್ರನಾದ ಜನೇಶ್ವರನ ಎದುರು ನಿಂತನು.

एतस्मिन्in this
एतस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कालेat the time
काले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकाल
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut/and
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
द्रुपदस्यof Drupada
द्रुपदस्य:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootद्रुपद
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
आत्मजःson
आत्मजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआत्मज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बलीmighty
बली:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun (Proper)
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun (Vocative address)
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
TypeNoun (Vocative address)
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
जनेश्वरम्lord of men/king
जनेश्वरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजनेश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Drupada
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
D
Duryodhana

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the immediacy of consequence in war: leadership and power are continually tested by equally powerful opponents, and a ruler’s status offers no immunity from direct challenge. It reflects the kṣatriya world where duty and prowess meet in decisive moments.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that at that very moment the mighty Dhṛṣṭadyumna—Drupada’s son and a key Pāṇḍava commander—moves against (or engages) Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s son, Duryodhana, described with the royal epithet “janeśvara.”